The ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) is an iatrogenic disorder in bitches and queens, which is characterized by recurrence of estrus following surgical spay, due to the presence of a piece of ovarian tissue within the abdominal cavity. In most cases, the remnant ovary is found in the right ovarian pedicle, due to its topographic position, deeper and more cranial than the left ovary. The main clinical signs of ORS in small animals are the heat behavior and the presence of vaginal swelling/secretion, especially in canines. The diagnosis should be performed by means of vaginal cytology when attraction of males is detected, serum estrogen and progesterone levels and/or by challenging test with GnRH or hCG administration. However, vaginal citology is the most suitable and less expensive diagnostic tool. Nowadays the treatment of choice is a new laparotomy or laparoscopy, followed by removal of the remnant ovarian tissue. The surgical treatment has more chances of success if it is performed in the diestrus (i.e., between 15 and 60 days after the detection of attraction of males). Furthermore, a careful and accurate surgical procedure aided by advanced visualization techniques during ovariohysterectomy or ovariectomy is the best way to prevent ORS in companion animals. Key words: Partial ovarian spay, recurrent estrus, bitches, queens ResumoA síndrome do ovário remanescente (SOR) é um distúrbio iatrogênico em cadelas e gatas caracterizado pelo retorno do estro após contracepção cirúrgica devido à presença de fragmento de tecido ovariano na cavidade abdominal. Frequentemente, o ovário remanescente está situado no pedículo ovariano direito, sobretudo devido a sua posição topográfica mais profunda e cranial em comparação ao ovário esquerdo. Os principais sinais clínicos de SOR em pequenos animais são cio e presença de edemaciamento/secreção vulvar/vaginal, especialmente em caninos. O diagnóstico deve ser realizado por meio de citologia vaginal quando detecta-se o interesse dos machos pela cópula com a fêmea acometida, dosagem sérica de estrógeno e progesterona e/ou por meio do teste provocativo com administração de GnRH ou hCG. Contudo, citologia vaginal constitui a opção de melhor custo-benefício para o diagnóstico. Atualmente, o tratamento de escolha é cirúrgico por meio de laparotomia exploratória ou laparoscopia, seguido pela remoção do ovário remanescente. O tratamento cirúrgico tem maiores taxas de sucesso quando realizado com o animal em diestro (i.e., entre 15 e 60 dias após detectada a atração dos machos). Ademais, a

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar retrospectivamente as 20 primeiras ovário-histerectomias vídeo-assistidas com único portal (SPVA-OSH), realizadas por um

RESUMOEm alguns criatórios os métodos de orquiectomia em eqüinos ainda são realizados por leigos e de forma empírica, sem atenção à higiene e a hemostasia preventiva dos vasos que compõem o cordão espermático, resultando muitas vezes em óbito do animal. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da abraçadeira de náilon, na orquiectomia em eqüinos, como método hemostático, possíveis complicações pós-operatórias e o custo do procedimento. Foram empregados 24 animais machos não castrados, sem raça definida (SRD), clinicamente saudáveis, com peso corporal variando entre 300 kg e 400 kg e faixa etária entre três a oito anos. Avaliou-se os resultados dos procedimentos cirúrgicos por meio de exames clínicos, hematológicos e a ocorrência de complicações trans e pós-operatórias. Além da presença de edema nos eqüinos de todos os grupos, ocorreu um óbito quando se utilizou o emasculador. A abraçadeira de náilon subjetivamente avaliada mostrou-se resistente a tração exercida no local da aplicação e quando comparada ao uso do emasculador e categute apresentou menor custo e reduziu o tempo de duração do procedimento.Descritores: castração, eqüino, hemostasia, poliamida náilon. ABSTRACTIn some horse breeding farms, the orchiectomy methods is still being practiced not scientifically by unprofessional people, without attention to hygiene and preventive hemostasy of the vessel from the spermatic cord, which usually results in death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the nylon clamp as an hemostatic method on the orchiectomy in equines, to describe possible post operative complications and the cost of the surgical procedure. 24 non castrated male equines, not defined breed, clinically health, between 300 and 400 kg of corporal weight and between three and eight years old were studied. The results of the surgical procedures were evaluated by clinical and hematologic exams and the occurrence of trans and post operative complications. There was edema in the animals of all groups and one death when the emasculator was employed. The nylon clamp was subjectively evaluated and have shown resistance to traction upon the place of the ligature when compared to the use the emasculator and catgut, lower cost and have decreased the time of surgical procedure. . Emprego da abraçadeira de náilon na orquiectomia em eqüinos.Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 34: 261-266.

The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the frequency of femur fractures in dogs and cats in the routine of a school hospital, determining their classification, fixation methods, complications, and outcomes. A total of 61 animals, 50 (82.0%) dogs and 11 (18.0%) cats, had femoral fractures that were submitted to osteosynthesis. Sixty-two femoral fractures were evaluated. Single fractures in the distal epiphysis (n=25) were the most frequent (P=0.0001). Intramedullary pins were used in association with cerclage and tension band for osteosynthesis in proximal fractures. In diaphyseal fractures, bone plates and screws, two intramedullary pins (insulated or with cerclage) and Tie-In configuration were used. In distal fractures, modified Rush intramedullary pins, cross pins and Tie-In configuration were used. Comparing complication frequencies at fracture sites that required reintervention after osteosynthesis, a significant difference was observed (P=0.0253) between the diaphyseal (31.25%) and distal (7.14%) fractures independent of the technique used. We concluded that distal epiphyseal fractures were the most frequent in the routine of a school hospital. Distal epiphyseal fractures presented a lower frequency of complications for consolidation when treated with modified Rush intramedullary pins or crossed pins.

Breast cancer is one of the most common neoplasms among women. Anticancer strategies using natural formulations and phytotherapies are promising antitumor treatment alternatives. This review assesses the antitumor effects of curcumin on breast cancer reported in preclinical in vitro and in vivo animal models. We used five databases to search for preclinical studies published up to May 2021. The assessments included the effects of curcumin on the proliferation, viability, and apoptosis of breast cancer cell lineages and on tumor volume. In total, 60 articles met the inclusion criteria. Curcumin administered at different concentrations and via different routes of administration inhibited proliferation, decreased viability, and induced apoptosis in human and animal breast cancer cells. Nanoparticle formulations of curcumin administered orally, via implant, and intraperitoneally reduced the tumor volume of human and murine mammary cells in vivo. Moreover, curcumin nanoformulations exert positive effects on tumor growth inhibition in animal models of breast cancer. Further randomized clinical trials are warranted to assess the efficacy and safety of curcumin formulations for clinical use.