The balance between profit maximization and corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a strategic issue of considerable importance. A key factor in understanding this relationship is identifying consumer reactions to engaging in CSR. Prior literature suggests a gap between consumers' environmental attitudes and behaviors. This study examines this relationship and finds evidence that gender significantly influences this gap between attitudes and behaviors. Specifically, we find that for female segments of the consumer population, this gap is greatly reduced. We use social identity theory to explain this phenomenon of gender differences as they relate to CSR. Along with providing insight to CSR at the individual level with attitudes and behaviors, our findings also have implications at the firm‐ level for how organizations choose and strategically signal their CSR strategies toward specific consumer segments. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

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This paper seeks to address the question of whether strategic managementis an academic discipline, as critics have argued it is not. We offer a synthesizeddefinition of strategic management and assess whether strategic management is anacademic discipline by utilizing the framework established by Biglan (1973). Thisframework requires disciplines to have a unifying paradigm(s) as well as practicalapplication of its theories. After analysis, we conclude that strategic managementmeets Biglan’s (1973) requirements and should be considered an academic discipline.In closing, we consider the future direction of strategic management researchand new research methods.