The problems of necessity of sustainable and ecological approaches in architectural design of hospitals are raised in the research. The best international experience of designing and operating hospitals designed on the principles of sustainable development is considered. Examples and implementation examples of healthcare institutions integrating energy efficient technologies are analyzed and illustrated: natural ventilation, solar panels, rainwater collection, filtration and reuse of wastewater, greening of the roof and walls, sun protection, aerodynamic volumetric and spatial form. Studying and using the proven experience of the best examples of ecological hospital buildings, recognized and certified at the highest levels of the world institutions for the development of a sustainable future, will allow Ukraine to create the conditions for solving the crisis both in the sphere of health care and in the ecologically preserved environment of the country.

The article depicts and systematizes innovative global trends in the field of architecture and urban planning of healthcare institutions taking as the example leading countries in the field of healthcare (Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates). The territorial, administrative and demographic features that significantly affect the formation and functioning of the architecture and urban planning network of medical institutions are analyzed. The features, indicators, and structure of the public and private sectors of the medical organization of the listed countries are examined in detail. The main innovative trends in the architecture and urban planning of the healthcare network that put the considered countries on the top of the world leaders in the efficiency of healthcare organization rapidly are identified. The trends are considered in urban planning, architecture, medical, economic, environmental, technological and innovative aspects.

The article deals with important issues of the ecological approach to the health care facilities design within the general world's attention to the problem of sustainable development of the urban environment. Taking as the example the innovative foreign experience of implemented projects of medical institutions, as well as design, competitive and conceptual proposals revealed the latest idea of coexistence and harmonization of natural and man-made worlds within the medical environment that meets the challenges and needs of the XXI century. It is the concept of the hospital-park, that synthetically combines the architectural environment, natural environment, as well as man-made oasis and creates the basis for emergent results both in the medical field and in the need for a neat attitude to our planet. The article reveals the possibilities of designing a hospital-park of different stories and in different initial conditions: in a dense urban environment with a minimum size of the construction site, in suburban and peripheral areas of the city.

The article determines that the priority factor of energy efficiency at the design stage is the optimal functional and planning solution of educational buildings; established architectural and planning techniques aimed at improving energy efficiency of higher education institutions, including compaction of educational institutions, clear zoning, implementation of compact architectural and planning solutions for educational buildings and structures, blocking in one or adjacent areas of several free economic cooperation with cooperative use of engineers increasing the number of storeys of buildings, the use of underground space and landscaping in the architectural and planning solution of buildings.

No abstract