The authors greatly appreciate Marie Berry, Heather Fryer, and the two anonymous Peace & Change reviewers who provided very insightful suggestions for the manuscript at various stages of development. A previous version of this paper was presented at the 2019 Midwest International Studies Association conference, which yielded important insights from discussant John Ishiyama and many other participants. We also are deeply grateful to the women who shared their experiences of civil wars with us for this research, especially to those living in Mafraq, Jordan. Funding from the Oxbridge Honors Summer Research Program at William Jewell College and the Hall Family Foundation provided essential support for this project.