Following the rapid service development brought about by the hospice movement, specialist palliative care services are involved with up to 50% of all patients dying with cancer in the United Kingdom, although the primary health care team remains the main provider of community based palliative care. This paper discusses findings from a survey of palliative care provision in the south west of England, and describes the perceptions of the primary care team (general practitioners and district nurses) about the interface between themselves and voluntary sector specialist palliative care providers (hospice in-patient units, hospice home care nurses and other charitably funded specialist palliative care nurses). The voluntary sector services are run with a mixture of funding from charitable sources (public donations, legacies, charitable trust moneys), and statutory funding (grants and recurrent contracts from central government, district health commissions, and local health care trust). The interview and questionnaire data suggest that the voluntary sector services are perceived variably as substituting, supplementing, complementing and duplicating the services provided by the primary care team. Drawing attention to these dimensions and the ambivalence sometimes felt by general practitioners and district nurses could provide a means of negotiating consensus on appropriate professional tasks and facilitating interprofessional practice in what is increasingly a mixed economy of statutory and voluntary funded health care.