The porous carbon electrode materials for supercapacitors derived from biomass waste attract lots of attention due to their natural abundance and low cost. This study therefore aims at developing a cost-effective and sustainable method for synthesising porous activated carbon derived from mission grass biomass waste (MG). The one-stage integrated pyrolysis for carbonisation, physical activation, and KOH activation was used to obtain porous activated carbon monolith. The surface morphology and pore structures consist of interconnected activated carbon nanofiber with high carbon content of 90.45%. The KOH impregnation successfully changed the morphology from the rod-like shape into a nanofiber structure. Due to their synergistic effect, the specific capacitance enhanced from 115 to 171 F g −1 in 1 M H 2 SO 4 aqueous electrolyte with an egg duck shell membrane as a separator. The result showed that the maximum energy and power densities were 23.75 Wh kg −1 and 96.94 W kg −1 , respectively. Therefore, these unique properties enable the mission grass to become a high potential for porous carbon electrode materials as supercapacitor energy storage.
Trace matrix is the sum of the main diagonal elements of a square matrix. This study discusses the trace of a positive and negative integer power of a real 3 X 3 specific matrix as given in (2). In order to get the trace of negative integer power, the matrix must have an inverse. Determinant and inverse of the matrix are required to generate general formula of the trace negative integer power. Result in this paper, we obtain the general formula of the specific matrix trace with dimension
The present study investigates the natural convection induced by a temperature difference between a cold outer square enclosure and a hot inner elliptical cylinder. The governing equations are solved numerically using the built-in finite element method of COMSOL. The governing parameters considered are the major and minor axis lengths, the orientation angle and the Rayleigh number. It is found that the convective flow depends on the Rayleigh number, elliptical shape and orientation.
Sampah merupakan masalah terbesar untuk kota-kota besar di Indonesia, khususnya sampah plastik yang sulit untuk dimanfaatkan kembali. RSD Madani merupakan salah satu penyumbang limbah medis berbahan plastik di kota Pekanbaru, pemanfaatan limbah plastik dengan cara Pirolisis, proses ini dapat mengkonversi limbah plastik menjadi bahan bakar minyak (BBM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung potensi minyak pirolsis dari limbah medis berbahan polyprophylene dan potensi energi listrik yang dihasilkan oleh minyak pirolisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pirolisis dibantu dengan simulasi SuperPro Designer sehingga diperoleh volumetric flow dari minyak pirolisis. Dari hasil simulasi diperoleh minyak pirolisis dengan jumlah volumetric flow sebesar 3523,70 L dengan kandungan minyak pirolisis sebesar 97,8314%. Energi listrik yang dapat dihasilkan dari minyak pirolisis sebesar 132.575,02 kWh dalam satu tahun sehingga perhari dapat menghasilkan energi listrik sebanyak 363,21 kWh. Potensi daya yang dihasilkan oleh minyak pirolisis adalah 15,13375 kW dalam satu hari.
Simulasi numerik disajikan dalam makalah ini untuk permasalahan peningkatan perpindahan kalor memanfaatkan fluida nano dalam kurungan jajaran genjang. Kedua sisi miring jajaran genjang tersebut dipertahankan isotermal pada suhu yang berbeda. Sisi atas dan bawahnya dalam keadaan adiabatik. Persamaan-persamaan momentum dan energi disimulasikan menggunakan piranti Comsol. Berdasarkan prediksi numerik, pengaruh dari sudut dasar jajaran genjang, level pemanasan dan kosentrasi partikel Ag pada pola aliran dan suhu dan juga tingkat perpindahan kalor dalam kurungan jajaran genjang disajikan. Geometri jajaran genjang digabungkan dengan fluida nano dapat meningkatkan tingkat perpindahan kalor secara signifikan.
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