Panorama histórico y contrastivo de los estudios sobre lectura y escritura en educación superior publicados en América Latina A historical and contrastive account of higher education reading and writing studies published in Latin AmericaFederico Navarro ResumenLos estudios sobre lectura y escritura en educación superior cuentan con al menos dos décadas de desarrollo en Latinoamérica. Sin embargo, aún son escasas las investigaciones sistemáticas sobre la configuración de este espacio disciplinar. Con el propósito de llenar este vacío, el presente artículo identifica continuidades y contrastes locales e históricos a partir de un conjunto de variables (autores, idiomas, focos, temas, orientaciones, niveles, áreas, géneros y tipos). Para ello, un equipo internacional analizó cualitativa y cuantitativamente 81 artículos sobre el tema aparecidos en los últimos 15 años en cuatro revistas de Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Colombia consideradas líderes por la propia comunidad experta. Los resultados muestran una mayoría de artículos REVISTA SIGNOS. ESTUDIOS DE LINGÜÍSTICA 2016, 49(S1) 101 interesados en la investigación empírica de la escritura, en la formación de grado y el área de las Humanidades y las Ciencias Sociales, con foco en el artículo de investigación, con autores internacionales pero publicados en español y portugués. Históricamente, desapareció la lectura como competencia aislada y crecieron los enfoques híbridos y con mayor claridad epistemológica. Los contrastes regionales indican que la lectura y escritura son mayormente consideradas procesos educativos situados en la revista colombiana y discursos especializados en la argentina y chilena, con la brasileña entre medio. Además, los corpora brasileño y colombiano favorecen dinámicas de intercambio local mientras que los de Argentina y Chile presentan más autores internacionales. Esta reflexión disciplinar sobre los estudios de la lectura y la escritura en Latinoamérica resulta de importancia científica, educativa y política para su visibilización, validación, institucionalización y expansión.Palabras Clave: Alfabetización académica, didáctica de la escritura, universidad, discurso académico, ILEES. AbstractHigher education reading and writing studies have developed for at least two decades in Latin America. However, little systematic research reveals the emerging shape of this disciplinary space. To fill this gap, this article compares publications from different countries and moments based on the variables of authors, languages, focuses, topics, orientations, levels, areas, genres and types. An international team analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively 81 articles on reading and writing published during the last 15 years in four leading journals according to the expert community from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Colombia. Results show that most articles do empirical research on writing; they tend to study the development of undergraduate writing and prefer the Humanities and Social Sciences; they mostly focus on the research article; they are written by au...

Esta obra tem licença Creative CommonsMany universities across Central and South America in the last iteen years have begun to pay more concerted attention to the writing of students and faculty. While this work grows from some earlier beginnings, it is only recently that a critical mass of faculty and researchers across universities and across countries have recognized their common cause and begun to share work and build networks for mutual support.Acting on this common concern for improving academic writing in both irst and and additional languages has had to overcome many obstacles, not least of which is inding a place in the university to support writing, as in most countries in the region there was no department that saw developing student writing as a major charge and there were few curricular structures that gave place to the teaching of writing. So new institutions such as writing centers had to be created, or new courses added into degree requirements, or courses in other subjects needed to add more explicit and intentional writing components, perhaps in collaboration with language or writing experts.his lack of a clear academic home for writing instruction and research has also meant that researchers and teachers were located in diferent departments, producing research from diferent perspectives and bringing diferent approaches to instruction. Further, research and teaching specialists had few professional forums where they could meet and discuss their common work. his thematic issue of Ilha do Desterro documents, exhibits, and carries forward the desire to understand and improve academic writing at the university level. his issue is in fact a forum that brings together writing researchers in the region to share what they have found out about the kinds of writing that students and faculty do, the writing environment and perception on the their campuses and in their regions, and their interventions and programs to improve academic writing. Several articles also provide synoptic overviews of the development of writing specialists. he issue also includes a number of multi-book reviews to indicate the kind of scholarship developing in other publications.he largest group of articles use research to build understanding of the writing environment and expectations on diferent campuses and of the writing actually being done by students.Two articles report research using online platforms as the locus for academic writing practices. Franco and Castanheira's article examines academic literacy and digital practices in a professional graduate program in Language and Technology to explore what and why students and teachers write in courses that use new information and communication technologies. Participants' writing practices using Facebook as a learning platform were discussed under the light of social literacy and academic literacies (Lea & Street, 1998; Lillis & Scott, 2007) approaches. he data show that writing teachers did not emphasize writing as social process and participants' writing is hybrid as it combi...

This research aims at investigating TED Talks as a genre. The analysis focuses on its rhetorical structure, characterized by moves and steps and the communicative purposes of the genre. The corpus comprises 10 talks selected from the website TED Talks. The data are discussed in the light of Bhatia’s (1996/2004) and Swales’ (1990/2004) theories of genre. Results demonstrate that, in terms of the analysis of the rhetorical structure, it reveals a constant pattern of moves and steps along the corpus, since every talk contained the five moves identified by the analysis. These cyclical and more frequent moves are: topic introduction, speaker presentation, topic development, concluding messages, and acknowledgments/gratitude. In terms of its communicative purpose, TED aims to celebrate ideas to a diverse audience worldwide, due to the variety of topics encompassed. This study also allowed us to develop a deeper view of this spoken genre, its features, and the way individuals may benefit from it in their lives.

when adopting a Vygotskian approach to teacher education, it is believed that social interaction between an experienced teacher and a novice one has the potential to propel teacher development as the former provides mediation that is responsive to the latter’s current needs. With this in mind, the present study is aimed at investigating how a novice English as a foreign language teacher develops her understanding regarding the teaching of listening as she is mediated by a more experienced other who uses the teacher’s manual suggestions as a starting point to inquire into her practice. To do so, the study counted on nine classroom observations which were followed by interviews in which a more experienced peer mediated the teacher towards a better understanding of her teaching, using the teacher’s manual to elucidate the pedagogical concepts behind the textbook activities. Results indicate that responsive mediation provided to the teacher led her to revisit her practice, imbue it with meaning, and consequently (re)conceptualize it as the teacher’s professional activity seemed to have become closer to a communicative one – in consonance to the teacher’s manual suggestions – both her actions and justifications reverberating the moments of interaction with the more experienced teacher. In short, the study illustrates how interaction with a more experienced peer may potentially allow teachers to (re)conceptualize their teaching and, consequently, develop in the profession.Keywords: social interaction; responsive mediation; teacher development; teaching listening.Resumo: uma abordagem Vigotskiana à formação de professores concebe a interação social entre um par experiente e um professor em início de carreira como um elemento que pode potencializar o desenvolvimento deste profissional, o caráter responsivo da mediação às necessidades do professor sendo um elemento chave no processo. Dito isso, o presente estudo visa investigar como uma professora de inglês como língua estrangeira em início de carreira desenvolve seu entendimento em relação ao ensino de compreensão oral ao ser mediada por um professor mais experiente que parte das sugestões do manual do professor para mediá-la. A professora teve nove de suas aulas observadas, seguidas de entrevistas nas quais um professor mais experiente a mediou – ao usar o manual do professor para elucidar os conceitos pedagógicos que regem as atividades do livro-texto – a caminho de um melhor entendimento de sua atividade profissional. Os resultados indicam que a mediação responsiva levou a professora a revisitar sua prática, atribuir significado a ela e, consequentemente, (re)conceituá-la ao passo que as aulas pareceram aproximar-se de uma abordagem comunicativa ao ensino de línguas – indo ao encontro das sugestões do manual – sendo que suas ações e justificativas reverberaram os momentos de interação com o professor mais experiente. Por fim, o estudo ilustra como a interação com um par mais experiente tem o potencial de levar professores a (re)conceituar sua prática, consequentemente impulsionando seu desenvolvimento profissional.   Palavras-chave: interação social; mediação responsiva; desenvolvimento docente; ensino de compreensão oral.

In the last twenty years researchers have been concerned with the development of higher education students writing literacy (CRISTOVÃO; VIEIRA, 2016; BAZERMAN; MORITZ, 2016). Approaches based on the new literacy studies (LEA; STREET, 1998) recognize the need to learn specific forms of acting in the academic context to successfully participate in such sphere. Considering the importance of academic writing in higher education, this research aims at investigating how academic writing literacy is approached in sixteen graduate programs at a public Brazilian university. One quarter of the university graduate programs were explored as a manner to find courses dealing with academic writing and the content organization of their course plans. Results showed that only fifty percent of the programs investigated offer courses on academic writing and each graduate program approaches academic writing literacy differently. It seems that writing practices in the academic context investigated are still not considered a major issue.