The biomedical model for chronic non-communicable dis eases considers that people with the disease must respond automatically to their medical prescription. However, this leads to a confrontation of sick people against their social group since an invisible and controlling force shapes and leads the patient into developing a disposition opposed to their required treatment plan, this element is better known as culture. The purpose of this study is to encourage reflection about the influence of culture in the lack of control regarding this type of diseases. It is proposed to differentiate between disease and illness, calling patient when treating the disease and sufferer when treating the illness. Hence, treating the suf ferer includes considering worries, fears, beliefs, expectations, emotions, and feelings, as well as repercussions of the disease on their life. To proof this statement, the concept of culture is described and conceptualized, as well as its function, and why it is of vital importance to intervene in the socio-cultural context of the sufferer. Keywords: Illness; chronic disease; sufferer; culture.
La diabetes mellitus es considerada actualmente un problema de salud pública a nivel internacional, es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo es efectuar una revisión documental de la productividad científica con relación a esta enfermedad. Para esto, se realizó un rastreo de información con motores de búsqueda en internet. La selección de los documentos identificados fue conforme a lo requerido para el estudio; los hallazgos se examinaron, compararon y analizaron; posteriormente se efectúo una sinopsis. Se presentan aspectos sobresalientes que sitúan a la diabetes mellitus como un problema de salud pública, su epidemiología, los determinantes causales de la misma, los factores de riesgo, los estilos de vida, las secuelas de la enfermedad, el manejo no farmacológico y las acciones para evitarla. Además, evidencia los vacíos de atención para la salud, la multicausalidad de la enfermedad y de sus complicaciones, así como, la complejidad de su manejo y prevención, con propuestas de intervención individual, colectiva, multidisciplinaria y social, acorde a la vanguardia ideológica de la Salud Pública.
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