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Twenty-eight extracts prepared from plants used in African traditional medicine and from Rhamnus glandulosa Ait. of the Portuguese flora, were screened in order to assay their antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and African swine fever virus (ASFV). Twelve of these extracts revealed virucidal activity against HSV-1 whereas only six have the same activity against ASFV. Further studies showed that thirteen of the tested extracts inhibited HSV-1 infection, some of which had a significant activity against this virus such as Senna podocarpa (Guill. & Perr.) Lock, Cassia sieberiana DC., Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel., Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.) Milne-Redhead, Rhamnus glandulosa Ait. and Uvaria chamae P. Beauv. Four of the twenty-one tested extracts inhibited ASFV infection.

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Further studies on Plectranthus sp. (Lamiaceae) led to the isolation of terpenes and phenol esters from Plectranthus strigosus Benth. ent-16-Kauren-19-ol (1), ent-16-kauren-19-oic acid (2), xylopic acid (3), xylopinic acid (4), hinokiol (5), 4 beta,6 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,5 beta(H)-guai-9-ene (6) 4 beta,6 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,5 beta(H)-guai-10(14)-ene (7), mixtures of hexacosan-1,26-diol and octacosan-1,28-diol ferulate diesters (8), of esters from ferulic acid and fatty alcohols (9) and of esters from fatty acids and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol (10) were for the first time isolated from this genus. Supplementary spectral data for 3,8 and parvifloron D (11) metabolites are also presented. A bioactivity study revealed herpetic inhibitory properties for (1) and (2), and antioxidant ability for (5) and (8) phenolic constituents.