Two new prenylated flavones, artocarpones A and B (1 and 2), and seven known isoprenylated flavonoids, artonin A (3), cycloheterophyllin (4), artoindonesianin E (5), artoindonesianin R (6), heterophyllin (7), heteroflavanone C (8), and artoindonesianin A-2 (9), have been isolated from the stem bark of Artocarpus champeden. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. Among the compounds isolated, 8 had the most potent inhibitory activity against the growth of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 clone, with an IC 50 value of 1 nmol L -1 .

This study aims to investigate the antibacterial activities of essential oils isolated from various parts (buds, leaves and stems) of Eugenia caryophylata.The essentials oils were distillated by steam distillation, and the isolated was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Five components of each sample of oils (buds, leaves and stems) were identified. Main component in the bud are eugenol (75.30%), eugenyl acetate (20.93%) and β-caryophyllene (3.00%) and eugenol (82.97%), β-caryophyllene (12.84%) in leaf oil, while in stem oil eugenol (97.75%). The oils were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), the Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium). The essential oils of bud, leaf and stem oil show that antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Background: Garcil (Allium sativum) is an important commodity and has high economic value in Indonesia.Studies have been using water extracts of garcil as larval mortality Crocidolomia binotalis in august –september 2014. This study aimed to determine the effect of water extract of Garlic (Allium sativum) on mortality of larvae on cabbage plants Crocidolomia binotalis. Methods: This study was an experimental study, using a rando mized block design (RBD), using the control group, and treatment concentraction of water extracts of garlic (Allium sativum). Concentration ranging from 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% with observation for 24 hours. Data effect of aqueous extract of garlic is effective against larval mortality Crocidolomia binotalis analyzed by real difference test (LSD) and the determination of the value of LC50, using SPSS. Result: The results showed the water extract of garlic is effective for larval mortality Crocidolomia binotalis is the concentration of 6% and of probit analysis LC50 values of 4,632%. Conclusion: Concentration of 4,632% aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) can kill larvae Crocidolomia binotalis after administration of the extract and observation for 24 hours

Red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important commodity and has high economic value in Indonesia. Problems encountered in the cultivation of chili in Indonesia decreased productivity due to pests attack. Aphids (Aphis gossypii) is a major pest that attacks the chili leaves. This research was aimed to determine the effectiveness of ered pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) extract on mortality of aphids; especially  the effective concentration and LC50 of red chili extract on mortality of aphids (Aphis gossypii). This research tested five concentration of chili extract treatments with four replicates each. Third instar of nymphs were fasted for 30 minutes before, then nymphs attached to the chili leaves were trasferred into the petri dish. Each petri dish filled with 10 nymph of Aphis gossypii. Red chili extract of 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% sprayed 3 times on the nymph. Mortality rate was calculated 24 hours after application. The results showed that the extract of red pepper were effective to kill aphids nymphs, the lowest mortality was  35% at a concentration of 3% and the highest one was up to 92.5% at a concentration of 9%. Effective concentration (LC50) extract of red pepper that cause 50% of the mortality of the aphids for 24 hours of testing was  7.46%.

Pendahuluan. Penggunaan obat herbal telah digunakan secara turun-temurun karena selain efek sampingnya relatif kecil juga harga lebih ekonomis. Salah satu tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan adalah kayu manis. Tujuan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan kadar gula darah dan Perbaikan Pulau Langerhans Mencit (Mus musculus) Diabetes Mellitus Type-I Yang Diterapi ekstrak metanol kulit batang pohon kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmani). Metode. Hewan coba yaitu mencit dengan berat badan 20 – 30 g dibagi dalam 4 kelompok masing- masing:  kelompok kontrol positif (K1) , kontrol negatif (K2), kelompok 125 mg/kg BB (K3),  kelompok 250 mg/kg BB (K4) dan 500 mg/kg BB (K5). Pada kelompok mencit coba K1,  K3, K4, dan K5 diinjeksi dengan streptozotocin dan diamati kadar gula darah selama 2 minggu dan mencit diabetes  diberikan ekstrak  kayu manis dengan dosis yang telah ditentukan selama 2 minggu. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran kadar gula darah mencit coba serta mencit dibedah dan diambil organ pancreas untuk dilakukan preparasi. Data hasil pengamatan akan dianalisis menggunakan Analisa Varians. Hasil.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak metanol kulit batang kayu manis dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah mencit ( 71,83 mg/dl) sesudah 2 minggu  dan meregenerasi sel β pulau lengerhans pancreas mencit diabetes mellitus. Kesimpulan. Ekstrak metanol kulit batang kayu manis dosis 500 mg/kg BB per hari efektif dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah dan meregenerasi sel β pulau lengerhans pancreas mencit diabetes mellitus. Kata Kunci : Diabetes Mellitus, Kulit Batang Kayu Manis, Regenerasi sel β Pankreas