The results of comprehensive assessment of health condition in 42 girls aged 11-13 years old who studied at NEFU schoollaboratory "Sargelekh" were presented. Only half of girls aged 11-13 years old had average harmonious physical development. The remaining girls were characterized by physical abnormalities: low level of physical development, its disharmony, extreme variants of the somatotype, and, therefore, differences in height, weight, mass-growth ratio, and body proportions. The development of secondary gender traits corresponded to average age values. The average age of menarche was 12.2 ± 0.6 years. Health abnormalities in more than half of girls were functional. A quarter of girls had disorders in the emotional-autonomic sphere. It should also be noted a large frequency of functional deviations of the gallbladder, a posture disorder with external manifestations of diseasessuch as myopia (wearing glasses), dental caries, scoliosis.
Visceral disorders of various organs and systems in children with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) living in extreme climatogeographic conditions according to laboratory tests have been studied. The children (35 schoolchildren) aged 10 to 17 years old were divided into mild, moderate and pronounced CTD degrees. Selection of children was performed by CTD phenotypic signs with score assessment and definition of CTD severity. The results of laboratory studies revealed more than 90 % cardiovascular system disorders in children with CTD, about 85 % of digestive system disorders and 70 % of visual disorders, 50 % of urinary disorders were detected in half of the children, mineral metabolism was impaired in 44 % of the children. The connective tissue dysplasia in 70 % of the children causes changes of 2 or more systems and organs, and in half (55 %) causes 3 or more systems and organs disorders. When examining children with EchoCG, almost the majority of Cardiovascular Development Abnormalities (CDA) were detected. In more than half of children, 65.8 %, i.e., 25 children were diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Mitral valve regurgitation was found in 28 children (73.8 %), MVP of the 1st degree was noted in half of children with CTD, and the second degree was noted in 16 % of the children and adolescents. In ten children (26 %), abnormally located chords (ALC) were diagnosed, 13 children (34 %) showed additional trabecules. The compaction of the calices-pelvis system walls occupies a special place in children with CTD.
Изучены висцеральные нарушения со стороны различных органов и систем у детей с дисплазией соединительной ткани (ДСТ), проживающих в экстремальных климатогеографических условиях, по данным лабораторно-инструментальных исследований. Исследованные дети (35 школьников) в возрасте от 10 до 17 лет были разделены на группы с легкой, средней и выраженной степенью ДСТ. Отбор детей проводился по фенотипическим признакам ДСТ с оценкой баллов и определением выраженности ДСТ. По итогам лабораторно-инструментальных исследований более чем у 90% детей с ДСТ были выявлены нарушения со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы, затем идут нарушения со стороны пищеварительной системы -около 85%, также у 70% детей имеются нарушения со стороны органов зрения, нарушения со стороны мочевой системы были выявлены у 50% исследованных детей, нарушение минерального обмена было отмечено у 44%. Установлено, что дисплазия соединительной ткани у 70% исследованных детей вызывает изменения со стороны 2 или более систем и органов, а у 55% вызывает нарушение работы трех и более систем и органов. При проведении ЭхоКГ у большинства обследованных детей были выявлены малые аномалии развития сердца (МАРС). У 25 исследованных детей (65,8%) был диагностирован пролапс митрального клапана (ПМК). У 28 детей, что составляет 73,8%, была обнаружена регургитация митрального клапана; у половины детей с ДСТ отмечен ПМК 1-й степени, а ПМК 2-й степени -всего у 16% исследованных детей и подростков. У 10 детей, что составляет 26%, были диагностированы аномально расположенные хорды (АРХ), у 13 детей (34%) выявлены дополнительные трабекулы. Уплотнение стенок чашечно-лоханочной системы по итогам инструментального исследования мочевыделительной системы у детей с ДСТ занимает особое место. Ключевые слова: недифференцированная дисплазия соединительной ткани, малые аномалии сердца, дети, подростки, ЭхоКГ.
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