Cercospora kikuchii is a common pathogen in soybean plants that causes crop spoilage. Its early and precise identification would prevent the misuse of pesticides and allow the initiation of an appropriate treatment. A quick, economical and easy-to-execute technique is the Dot blot, capable of recognizing the presence of a genus-specific protein called CFP (Cercosporin Facilitator Protein). The objective was to validate this technique to guarantee the reliability of the results. For that purpose, 29 infected soybean plants and 31 healthy plants were processed, taking into account a 95% desired confidence level and a permissible error of 5%. The technique provided a diagnostic sensitivity of 93.3% and a diagnostic specificity of 96.7%. The efficiency was 95% and positive and negative predictive values were 96.6% and 93.5%, respectively. These results postulate it as a useful resource for the early detection of C. kikuchii in soybean plants.
En fitopatología, la validación de métodos de diagnóstico es limitada y poco actualizada. Es por ello, que el objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar una técnica de PCR para la detección precoz de Cercospora en plantas de soja. La técnica consiste en la amplificación de un fragmento de 264 pb del gen cfp que codifica para la proteína CFP. Para ello, se procesaron 45 muestras positivas y 44 muestras negativas. Con los resultados obtenidos se determinaron los parámetros de validación teniendo en cuenta una confianza deseada de 95% y un error permitido del 5%. La técnica presentó una sensibilidad diagnóstica de 93,3% y una especificidad diagnóstica de 88,5%. La eficacia fue de 91,0% y los valores predictivos positivos y negativos de 89,4% y 92,9%, respectivamente. Esta técnica validada resulta una herramienta útil para la detección precoz del hongo en la planta de forma rápida, sensible y específica.
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