La conservación de las obras de arte es un aspecto fundamental de la inmensidad de la cultura humana y la expresión artística. Se analizaron dos obras en acuarela: Paisaje con casa campesina y El puente, pertenecientes a la colección del Banco Central de Costa Rica atribuidas al artista nacional Fausto Pacheco Hernández. Particularmente, el acercamiento exclusivo para estudiar dichas obras de arte está caracterizado por ser un análisis múltiple, donde se aplicaron técnicas no invasivas como la fotografía multiespectral. A partir de dicha técnica y el uso de herramientas computacionales novedosas como RegionsOfInterest y Golden Artists Colors se determinó información sobre la paleta pictórica y el proceso creativo del artista. El análisis múltiple permitió identificar diferentes patrones que podrían estar asociados con el crecimiento microbiano. Este estudio pionero corresponde al punto de partida para establecer indicadores que permitan, en el futuro, valorar la posible autenticidad de las pinturas con base en el establecimiento de la paleta pictórica del artista, los materiales utilizados, los procesos creativos y el contexto histórico. La aplicación de la ciencia para conocer las características de los materiales contribuye significativamente a determinar la manera más eficiente para conservar el patrimonio cultural.
Cultural heritage has become a keystone for comprehending our society, as it represents and reflects our origins, passions, beliefs and traditions. Furthermore, it provides fundamental information about specific temporary spaces, materials’ availability, technology, artist’s intention, and site weather conditions. Our aim was to develop a multidisciplinary approach with a main focus on investigating two Italian large-format paintings located in highly diverse environments such as the National Theater of Costa Rica. We monitored environmental conditions and quantified fungal aerial spores. Then, we determined regions of possible biodeterioration with the software MicroorganismPattern and used the software PigmentArrangement to elucidate the apparent colour of the paintings based on distribution and arrangement of the pigment crystals. Finally, we characterized eight genera of calcareous nannofossils found in the ground layers of the artwork. The former Men’s Canteen at the National Theater of Costa Rica presented a mean air temperature of 23.5 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ C, a relative humidity of 72.7% and a concentration of CO$$_{2}$$ 2 of 570 ppm. The fungal aerial concentration was 1776 spores/m$$^{3}$$ 3 . The software MicroorganismPattern identified 32 sampling regions, out of which 11 were positive for microbial contamination. The software PigmentArrangement determined that the blue crystals (ultramarine pigment) had the shortest distances between themselves (29 $$\upmu$$ μ m). Finally, the nanofossils identified enabled us to restrict the age of the material to a biostratigraphic interval ranging from Coniacian to Maastricthian ages. By using a multidisciplinary approach we were able to explore the diptych, suggest a set of minimally invasive perspectives in tropical environments to be used worldwide and obtain key information about the artist’s artistic process, materials used along with better understand its state of conservation.
Over time, cultural heritage has become a key for comprehending and developing our society at an individual and group level, as it provides fundamental information about our origins, specific temporary space, materials' availability using current technology, artist's intention, and site weather conditions. Here, we investigated the physical characteristics of an Italian large-format artwork diptych, located on the ceiling of the National Theater of Costa Rica, to evaluate its pictorial palette as well as the tropical climatological conditions and the fungal aerial spore concentration. We characterized the role of two innovative software tools, as they have direct connection with an effective microbiological sampling and description of secrets encompassed in each pictorial layer during the process of creation and intention. We further found that eight genera of calcareous nannofossils could be associated with the optical properties of the artwork and the effects that the artist wanted to portray through his creative process.
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Bordetella bronchiseptica es un cocobacilo Gram negativo patógeno de animales que, con poca frecuencia causa infecciones en seres humanos. La mayoría de casos registrados en la literatura están asociados con pacientes que presentan algún tipo de inmunosupresión. Este reporte de caso se refiere a una paciente femenina de 67 años con antecedentes de linfoma pulmonar, que recibió quimioterapia y radioterapia 16 años atrás, fue ingresada al Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Tomás Casas Casajús con un diagnóstico de neumonía bacteriana, tras descartarse infección por Covid19. Unos días después, se aisló una B. brochiseptica de una muestra de esputo y con el reporte de la prueba sensibilidad a los antibióticos, se modificó la terapia de antibióticos que originalmente se había indicado, lo que se conlleva a una mejoría en el estado físico de la paciente. Sin embargo, debido a una aparente infección nosocomial la paciente se contagió de SARS-CO2 y falleció debido a las complicaciones causadas por el Covid19.
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