ResumoIntrodução: A saúde do trabalhador em medicina veterinária tem sido pouco explorada. Considera-se que o exercício da profissão envolve exposição a riscos de acidentes típicos, tais como lesões graves relacionadas ao manuseio de animais. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência e caracterizar os acidentes de trabalho de um hospital veterinário universitário. Metodologia: estudo do tipo transversal no qual servidores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade federal do sul do Brasil foram incluídos. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário estruturado aplicado pela pesquisadora e consulta às fichas funcionais de registros de acidentes de trabalho. Trata-se de um estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da instituição. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 34 servidores, 61,8% mulheres e 38,2% desempenhando a função de médico veterinário. A prevalência de acidentes de trabalho foi de 79,4% (n=27) entre os servidores, totalizando 68 ocorrências. Nas fichas funcionais, havia o registro de sete ocorrências relacionadas ao trabalho. Houve maior número de acidentes entre as mulheres (p=0,043), mas sem diferença quanto à idade (p=0,83) e tempo de serviço (p>0,05). Quanto aos tipos, sobressaíram-se as mordidas (35,3%) e os acidentes com material perfuro cortante (26,5%), seguido de arranhões (7,2%), coices (5,9%) e quedas (5,9%). Conclusão: No contexto de um hospital veterinário constatouse elevada taxa de prevalência de acidentes de trabalho entre servidores do sexo feminino e um número expressivo de subnotificações. Foram frequentes os acidentes com mordidas de animais e com perfuro cortante. Considerando a especificidade das atividades em medicina veterinária e, portanto, a exposição a riscos de acidentes típicos da profissão, existe a necessidade de elaborar planos para a prevenção de riscos e agravos à saúde humana, fiscalizar procedimentos, processos, estrutura física, equipamentos e substâncias que interfiram na saúde do trabalhador. PalavrasHá 10 anos, um estudo realizado com médicos abrangidos pelo seguro de acidentes na Alemanha, verificou que o risco de acidentes de trabalho chegou a ser 2,9 vezes maior para os veterinários e seus auxiliares que para os médicos de clínica geral de medicina humana. Durante o exercício da profissão, aproximadamente, 61% a 68% dos veterinários sofreram uma lesão grave relacionada com os animais 4 . No ano de 2002, a taxa de incidência de acidentes no local de trabalho foi 105,4 por 1.000 trabalhadores de tempo integral, uma taxa 2,9 vezes maior do que para os médicos de clínica geral de medicina humana. Quando foram analisados apenas os acidentes graves, resultando em uma perda de tempo de trabalho de mais de três dias, o risco relativo aumentou para 9,2 4 .Um estudo analisou o banco de dados do seguro de acidentes para veterinários do serviço de saúde e bem-estar da Alemanha e verificou que o risco de um acidente de trabalho que realizou o registro na prática da medicina veterinária (36,6/1.000 trabalhadores) é menor do que para a indústria da construção (78...

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Background: The tarsal joint is the third most commonly joint affected by osteochondrosis in dogs. This joint is affected in 4 to 9% of the cases, and in 50% of these cases the disease is bilateral. Radiological signs include defect in the subchondral bone, sclerotic margin, and fragment of mineralized cartilage. Dorsoplantar in flexion and oblique radiologic images are necessary to show tarsal osteochondrosis. Computed tomography avoid overlap of bone structures and allows better visualization of subchondral lesions, showing the exact location, size and number of fragments. The objective of this study is to report a case of bilateral osteochondrosis dissecans in tarsal joint in Rottweiler.Case: A female Rottweiler was examined and presented a history of pain and difficulty in raising the pelvic limbs. There was pain in the right tibiotarsal joint (RTJ) with evident joint cracking and, after three months, the left pelvic limb started to show the same signs. Radiographic examination of the RTJ showed a small osteochondral fragment in the distal medial border of the medial malleolus of the tibia, subchondral sclerosis with radiolucent area in the medial malleolus of the tibia, and a small lateral periarticular osteophyte in the intertarsal joint. The left tibiotarsal joint (LTJ) showed mild articular incongruity and minor increase in radiological interlinear space, diffuse sclerosis in the medial malleolus and in the subchondral surface of the trochlear crest. This exam also showed a small radiolucent area in the medial malleolus of the tibia, a small fragment of radiopaque adjacent bone, and minor subchondral bone irregularity in the medial margin of the medial trochlea. The radiographic examination of the RTJ was inconclusive. Computed tomography was requested and suggested the diagnosis of medial osteochondritis dissecans in the distal talus. The most important tomographic signs were irregularity of the subchondral bone in the caudal region of the distal talus associated to isolated bone fragment, irregularity of the distal and caudal portion of the medial malleolus of the tibia associated with the presence of free adjacent osteophyte.Discussion: Only 4 to 9% of the dogs that develop osteochondrosis present this lesion in the tarsus. The Rottweiler is the breed most affected by this disease, such as the subject of this case report, and is also the breed most frequently affected in the lateral region of the tarsus. It is a fast-growing large breed, a common characteristic in animals affected by osteochondrosis. Bilateral cases are most common in young dogs, such as the patient of this case report. Clinical manifestation of pain and lameness is frequent in this type of disease, and lameness can occur in only one of the affected limbs. The dog of this study presented lesion in the medial region of the trochlea of the talus, one of the regions that present high incidence of osteochondrosis. Radiographic examination was efficient to suggest lesions in the medial region of the talus. However, only 10% of the dogs with osteochondrosis of the tarsus are diagnosed by this technique. The definitive diagnosis was not provided by radiographic examinations in this patient. Computed tomography has several advantages over conventional radiography, such as eliminating overlap of structures, decreasing image complexity, and increasing the ability to identify specific structures. This examination allowed us to reach the diagnosis of osteochondrosis dissecans in the right talus of this dog. A scan was not performed on the contralateral limb (LTJ), because the lesions observed on radiographic examination were similar to the lesions observed in the right pelvic limb.

Background: Retained placenta (RP) is characterized by a failure to remove the fetal membranes within the first 12-24 h after calving. This condition appears to be related to a decrease in neutrophil activity and to the suppression of the immune response in the prepartum period. The specific reasons for some cows to retain the placenta after parturition is still not fully understood, but numerous predisposing factors have been related, which may include mechanical, nutritional, infectious and handling factors. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of retained placenta in dairy cows and to correlate the main predisposing factors related.Materials, Methods & Results: This study was conducted in nine dairy farms located in the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, with an average of 45 lactating dairy cows producing 10,100 kg / dairy cow in a period of 305 days. The total diet for postpartum cows was estimated to meet or exceed the requirements of dairy cows according to previously established guidelines (NRC 2001). A total of 393 calving Holstein cows (126 primiparous and 267 multiparous) were analyzed, of which 203 were kept in a semi-confined production system (free-stall and pasture system) and 190 animals were kept in a free-stall production system. Statistically, the cows were the experimental unit, and the results were analyzed using the Pearson's Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test for the comparisons of occurrence of peripartum disorders. In addition, linear and logistic regression models were constructed to determine the effect of the dependent variable on the other indicators, which may be continuous or categorical. Possible correlations of the occurrence of peripartum disorders related to production system (free-stall or semi-confined), calving order (primiparous or multiparous), season of the year (heat or cold), ECC at calving (1 to 5), calf sex, rectal temperature and dystocia were analyzed. Of the 393 deliveries followed up in this study, 72 presented retained placenta as a postpartum complication. Cows that delivered male calves had a 3.45 times higher chance of presenting dystocia birth (P = 0.0007) and had 1.85 times more chances of presenting placental retention (P = 0.066) when compared to cows with female calves. Cows with dystocia were more likely to present RP (P = 0.0433). Twin pregnancies increased 3.9 times chances of RP (P = 0.0193).Discussion: The incidence of RP in our study was 18.3%, which is close to the previously reported by another Brazilian study (22%) and similar to another study that also verified the risk factor indicators (19.9%). Dystocia, twin births and male births were predisposing factors for RP, similarly to previous studies. The frequency of dystocia was significantly affected by the production system employed, with the semi-confined system presenting more cases of dystocia, unlike other studies. The season of the year had no influence in the RP occurrence, unlike other studies that showed RP may have an increase in spring and summer months. A possible correlation between RP and body condition score at calving and with the production system employed was not observed. The limited options of effective treatments for RP emphasizes the importance of prevention. RP prevention includes the reduction of stressful factors, especially in the peripartum period, with a focus one nutrition and animal health.