: Bacterial resistance is considered one of the most important public health problems of the century, due to the rapid ability of bacteria to develop resistance mechanisms, which makes it difficult to treat infections, leading to a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Based on this, several options are being sought as an alternative to currently available treatments, with a particular focus on nanotechnology. Nanomaterials have important potential for use in medical interventions aimed at preventing, diagnosing and treating numerous diseases by directing the delivery of drugs. This review presents data on the use of polymeric nanoparticles related to in vitro and in vivo activity against bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family.

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