Congenital macrodactyly is a rare congenital malformation characterized by progressive enlargement of all mesenchymal elements of a digit. The most characteristic finding noted was excessive overgrowth of fibrofatty tissue with unusually large fatty lobules fixed by a mesh of dense fibrous tissue. Hypertrophy and tortuosity of the digital nerve, a striking feature in macrodactyly of the hand was notably absent in cases affecting the foot. Most of the cases are reported as isolated anomalies. In macrodactyly of the foot, excessive proliferation and accumulation of adipose tissue was the basic lesion whereas involvement of the nerve is the fundamental lesion in gigantism of the hand. The final pathway of genesis of these anomalies must be either the local deficiency of a growth inhibiting factor or local expression of a basic intrinsic factor leading to excessive growth of all elements of the digit.
The main malignant tumors affecting the eyelid are Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC), Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and Malignant melanoma (MM) in that order of frequency in Asia. SGC and BCC forms majority of tumors in India. SCC is rare in Indian population and generally occurs in predisposed individuals like in patients with Xeroderma pigmentosa. BCC may present as pigmented or non-pigmented, nodular or noduloulcerative lesion. Usually SGC and BCC are not confused because of varied clinical appearance and morphology. However non pigmented noduloulcerative BCC can be confused with SCC. We report a case of histopathologically proven squamous cell carcinoma presenting as basal cell carcinoma in a 90 year old patient and its management.
Pilomatricoma is commonly a benign neoplasm, which is considered to differentiate towards hair follicular cells particularly the cortex and comprises of basaloid, eosinophilic and shadow cells. It is also described as a sack of infundibular epithelium which is above matrical and supermatrical cells of Pilomatricoma cornifying as shadow cells. It is a slow growing asymptomatic tumor originating from the outer sheath cells of hair follicle. In patients with recurrence for repeat growth of Pilomatricoma, pilomatrix carcinoma may be considered in the differential diagnosis. Clinical presentation and histopathological features of Pilomatricoma are described in this report. Wide local excision is the treatment of choice.
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