The percentage of women in Peru's workforce overall has been growing at a steady rate, but there are still few women are seen in executive positions. This qualitative study describes the challenges in women's professional career advancement in a country in which the cultural pattern of business is dominated by men and where specific roles have been assigned to women. In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 professionals, 11 women and 13 men. The interviews were analysed using qualitative data analysis software. The results show that family responsibilities were the main challenge for female executives' career advancement. Moreover, family responsibilities were linked to other challenges, such as physical mobility, educational attainment, professional experience and informal networks. Family responsibilities can be considered a transcultural challenge to the career advancement of female executives. Finally, the study shows that a country's culture is an important challenge to career advancement, as in the Peruvian context where women are still considered responsible for attending to the family and are assigned a fundamental role in raising the children.

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This study aims to empirically test how learning strategies would fit into an undergraduate entrepreneur’s profile. The design is cross-sectional with a sample of 527 Peruvian undergraduate students. A structural equation model was specified, estimated, and tested in Mplus 8.4. The model hypothesized direct effects of the different learning strategies on a factor of entrepreneurial attitudes (considering proactivity, professional ethics, empathy, innovation, autonomy, and risk-taking dimensions) which, in turn, explained two indicators of entrepreneurship intention as outcomes. The tested structural model adequately fits the data. It provided helpful information on learning strategies and entrepreneurial attitudes accounting for up to 20% of variance of entrepreneurship intention. The learning strategies most related to entrepreneurial attitudes are those related to creativity, transference, and assessment of one's own performance. This paper provides for the first time evidence about the predictive power of several learning strategies on the entrepreneurial attitudes in connection with entrepreneurship intention (willingness and likelihood). This work increases our understanding of entrepreneurs’ learning strategies, so that we can improve the design and implementation of educational resources to promote entrepreneurs’ careers in emerging markets.

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