aPDT, using low concentrations of MB and TBO, was the most effective adjuvant therapy to SRP, acting indirectly as a downregulator of the molecular mechanisms that control bone resorption in periodontitis.

Local use of the probiotic did not result in any adverse effects on periodontal tissues. When used as monotherapy or as an adjuvant, the probiotic was effective at controlling periodontitis in rats.

In smokers with periodontitis, the MTZ + AMX and aPDT treatments significantly improved the effects of SRP.

It can be concluded that 5-FU aggravates PE progression, impairs the host response to SRP mechanical therapy and does not seem to cause changes in the healthy periodontium.

Treatment with 5-FU worsened EP, and multiple LLLT sessions adjuvant to SRP seemed to improve periodontitis in rats subjected to 5-FU chemotherapy.