House dust mite (HDM) allergens are considered to be one of the most common causes of asthma and allergic rhinitis in the world. Cysteine proteases Der p 1 and Der f 1 (group 1) and also NPC 2 family proteins Der p 2 and Der f 2 (group 2) of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae respectively are considered the main allergens of HDMs. The difference in the sensitivity of the population to these and other allergy causing components of HDM determines the treatment strategy. Thus, the purpose of this work was to determine the pattern of sensitization of the Ukrainian population to individual allergy causing molecular components of HDM in order to improve treatment strategies for the HDM allergy in various regions of Ukraine. To determine the molecular profile of sensitization to HDM, the data of multiplex allergy test Alex2 have been obtained from 10,651 patients. The sample included 57.86% children under the age of 18 and 42.14% adults. A Python language-based statistical analysis was performed, in order to group patients by sensitization to individual molecules and their combinations, regarding the age and geographical location of the patients. Simultaneous sensitization to Der f 2 and Der p 2 allergens was the most common among the entire group Simultaneous sensitization to 5 molecules—of group 1 (Der p 1 and Der f 1), group 2 (Der f 2 and Der p 2), and Der p 23—was the second most common for entire dataset and for the children group. This pattern differed in adults, where monosensitization to Der p 23 occupied the second position, suggesting that this molecule is an important factor of HDM allergy in Ukraine. Of the 16 analyzed regions, sensitization to Der p 23 prevailed in 2 Western regions of Ukraine. In the rest of the regions combination of Der p 2 and Der f 2 was the most prevalent. The established character of population sensitization to HDM in Ukraine is a good prognostic marker of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) efficacy.

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The aim: Is to provide data on the presence of potential pathogens of ARTIs in children in Ukraine. Materials and methods: The etiology of ARTIs was investigated in 487 children in MC ‘Eurolab’, Kyiv, Ukraine during 2018-2020 years. Seven respiratory viruses – Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV), Parainfluenza virus (PIV), Adenovirus (AdV), human Metapneumovirus (MPV), Rhinovirus (RV), human Bocavirus (BoV), Coronavirus (CoV), were identified by PCR. Qualitative detection of Influenza type A, type B, Group A Streptococcal was performed by chromatographic immunoassay. Pathogens profiles, clinical characteristics and seasonality were analyzed. Results: 487 nasal and throat swabs from children with ARVI were collected. 400 (82,1%) samples were found to be positive: 319 swabs were positive at least for one respiratory virus, 43 children had positive rapid influenza test, 38 – positive strep test. A total of 403 viruses were identified. RV (27,1%), ADV (13,4%), RSV (13,2 %), IVA (10,7 %) were the most commonly identified viruses. Conclusions: Detection of viral seasonality in Ukraine and estimating of clinical features in case of infection allows predicting probable clinical course of disease, to provide, optimize the therapy and to develop preventive measures, vaccination, in particular.

Background. The medical and social significance of asthma is emphasized by the impact on various aspects of children's lives — physical, emotional, social, educational. The aim of the study: to assess the quality of life of school-age children with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens in the dynamics of treatment. Materials and methods. The study included 128 children aged 6–17 years with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens. A mini-Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniPAQLQ) was used. Results. All patients have a decrease in quality of life, both overall and in the assessment of symptoms, emotional function and activity. Overall quality of life is inversely correlated with the severity of asthma. There was a statistically significant diffe­rence between the overall quality of life after 12 months of treatment in children who received allergen-specific immunotherapy on the background of basic therapy and in children who received only basic therapy in favor of allergen-specific immunotherapy. The same dynamics is indicated according to symptoms, emotional function and activity. A direct correlation between overall quality of life and allergen-specific immunotherapy has been shown. Conclusions. In schoolchildren with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens, there is a decrease in quality of life. Against the background of basic therapy, their positive dynamics is observed, which is statistically significant, except for the assessment of symptoms in children with severe asthma. The inclusion of allergen-specific immunotherapy in the complex treatment of school-age children with asthma and sensitization to cat allergens to improve the quality of life of patients is justified.

The aim: To develop a model for predicting asthma control status in school-age children sensitized to cat allergens. Materials and methods: The study included 302 children aged 6-17 years who were sensitized to cat allergens. The ALEX² test (Macro Array Diagnostics GmbH, Austria) was used to analyze the sensitization profile in these children. After 12 months of treatment, control of clinical asthma symptoms was achieved in 185 (61.26%) children. Single-factor logistic regression models were constructed to analyze the probability of achieving asthma control in school-age children with sensitization to cat allergens. Results: It was found that asthma control status depended on the FeNO dynamics after 3 months of treatment, the number of cat allergens to which sensitization was detected, and the duration of exposure to a domestic cat after sensitization tests, which were conducted to verify the allergic capacity to cat allergens. The investigation resulted in the creation of a mathematical model for predicting the probability of asthma control, sensitivity 94.6 (95% CI 90.3 - 97.4) %, specificity - 81.2 (95% CI 72.9 - 87.8) %, PPV = 88.8 (95% CI 84.5 - 92.1) %, NPV = 90.5 (95% CI 83.8 - 94.6) %. Conclusions: A model for predicting the probability of asthma control was created. The formula is used to calculate the patient’s P. P > 0.44 allows predicting the achievement of asthma control after 12 months of treatment.