Purpose: To evaluate if Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract (ME) influences the healing of skin wounds of diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were used (6 rats/group). Group 1 received normal saline (NS) v.o. Group 2 received moringa extract (100mg/kg v.o) for 3 weeks. Groups 3 and 4: Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes. Group 3 received NS; Group 4 received aqueous ME (100mg/kg) v.o.The wounds of groups 1 and 3 rats were topically treated with NS; wounds of groups 2 and 4 treated with 200µL of 10% ME. After anesthesia, all rats had skin square excision wounds 1.5cm 2. Wound percent contractions were measured. On 10th day, blood glucose and serum cytokines were measured. Histometry of wounds was studied using ImagePro6.0 software. Results: Glycemia was significantly reduced in ME treated rats. These rats had higher percent contraction of the wounds on 2 nd , 5 th and 10 th days, then controls (p<0.05). Diabetic rats treated with NS had TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 expression higher than in rats receiving ME. The histopathological score of ME treated diabetic rats (198±13.7) was significantly higher than treatment with NS (145±10.5). Conclusion: ME extract positively influenced healing of wounds in diabetic rats after systemic and topical treatment.

RESUMO Objetivo: examinar os efeitos da sinvastatina na mucosite gástrica e intestinal após o tratamento com 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), determinados pela expressão de citocinas e histologia em ratos. Métodos: ratos pesando 270±15g foram divididos em dois grupos. O grupo 5-FU+salina foi tratado com 5-FU (50mg/kg) mais solução salina a 0,9% por gavagem uma vez ao dia por cinco dias. O grupo 5-FU+sinvastatina foi tratado com 5-FU (50mg/kg), mais sinvastatina (10mg/kg), da mesma forma. Foi feita a eutanásia dos animais no sexto dia. O estômago e o intestino foram fotografados e removidos para exame. Dosagens séricas de TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6 e histopatologia (coloração HE) do estômago e intestino foram realizadas. Resultados: o peso corporal diminuiu em ratos no grupo 5-FU+salina. A sinvastatina não inibiu a perda de peso induzida pelo 5-FU. Danos significativos da mucosa no estômago e no jejuno foram observados em ratos que receberam apenas 5-FU. As dosagens séricas de citocinas foram significativamente menores no grupo 5-FU+sinvastatina do que no grupo 5-FU (p<0,05). A sinvastatina causou efeitos protetores significativos contra as lesões da mucosa gástrica e jejunal induzidas por 5-FU. Conclusão: a sinvastatina atenua a mucosite gástrica e intestinal relacionada à terapêutica com 5-FU. Nossos dados encorajam futuros estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos sobre a utilidade das estatinas na prevenção da mucosite gastrointestinal.

This study was designed to investigate the pharmacological efficacy of simvastatin against ureteral mucositis cyclophosphamide-induced. Methods: Wistar rats weighing 287±14g were used. A single dose of cyclophosphamide (CYP) 200mg/kg IP + oral simvastatin (10mg/kg) were administered in the (CYP/SIMV) group (n=6), In the group (CYP/SAL) (n=6), saline v.o. was administered. The animals were weighed daily. After 7 days of CYP administration, blood was collected by cardiac puncture under anesthesia. After euthanasia, uterers were collected for histopathology. Serum TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6 were determined by ELISA. Results: CYP-induced ureteral mucositis in rats resulted in a significant increased level of serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6). Simvastatin treated rats showed significant decreased level of inflammatory cytokines. In body weight records, CYP-treated rats showed visible significant body mass loss compared to untreated rats (p<0.05). Edema and inflammatory cells in ureter tissues were reduced after simvastatin treatment, as demonstrated in histological HE staining. Conclusion: In conclusion, our current findings provided scientific evidence that oral simvastatin positively influenced benefits against cyclophosphamide-induced ureter mucositis, which possibly has occurred by inactivating cytokines.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of peritoneal lavage with coconut water in the healing of colonic anastomoses in a model of abdominal sepsis in rats. Methods: Twelve Wistar rats were used. The animals were randomly selected and distributed in 2 groups, with six rats each. Group 1: rats with sepsis + peritoneal lavage with 0.9% saline solution and Group 2: rats with sepsis + peritoneal lavage with coconut water. Induction of abdominal sepsis was performed through the exteriorization of the cecum and ligature. After ligation, 4 perforations and gentle pressure were made in the cecum, allowing the small amount of stool to escape. The cecum was then replaced in the abdominal cavity and the abdominal incision sutured. Six hours after induction of sepsis, under anesthesia in all animals, 2 cm of colon resection and anastomosis were performed. The peritoneal lavage therapy was repeated 3 times, each wash with 5 ml of solution, which remained in the peritoneal cavity for 1 minute and then removed with sterile dry gauze. Coconut water was obtained from Cocus nucifera L specimens, with sterile technique for administration to the animals. Results: In group 2 the bursting pressure of anastomosis was 196.3±17.47 mmHg, significantly higher (p=0.001) than in the saline group, (152.8±12.31 mm/Hg). The peritoneal lavage group with coconut water presented histological scores with a significantly (p<0.001) lower inflammatory process (score 14.8±3.13) compared to the saline group (score 31.7±4.92). The count of colony forming units (CFU) in the peritoneal fluid was significantly lower (p=0.001) in the coconut water group (16.0±7.32 CFU) than in the saline group (83.5±8.62 CFU). Conclusion: The treatment of abdominal sepsis with peritoneal lavage using coconut water positively afluenced the healing of colon anastomosis in rats. It favored the bursting pressure, the reduction of inflammatory process, and bacterial colonization.

Efeito das suturas gástricas em plano único versus dois planos na epitelização e resistência à pressão em ratos ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare two techniques of suture on the stomach wall. Single-layer and two-layer of gastric suture were compared, evaluating: evolution of the epithelialization process in the gastric mucosa; tensile strength and histopathological changes in the suture area. Methods: Twelve (12) Wistar rats weighing 220 ± 18g were used. Group 1 (n = 6) -Gastric incision was sutured with single interrupted sutures in extramucosal single-layer; group 2 rats (n = 6) had the stomach incision sutured in twolayer technique. 6-0 polypropylene thread with atraumatic needle was used. On the seventh postoperative day the animals were anesthetized again to evaluate the tensile strength of the gastric sutures. The stomach healing sutured wound was removed, fixed in 10% formalin, for histopathological examination using H-E stain. Results: All animals survived the experiments. In the single-layer group pressure supported by the suture line was 247±30.2 mmHg. Compared with the pressure in the two-layer suture group (187.8 ± 25.5 mmHg), the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). In the single-layer suture group, the aspect of the epithelium in the suture area showed a Effect of single-layer versus two-layer gastric suture in epithelialization and pressure bursting in rats Souza JPF, et al J Surg Cl Res -Vol. 8 (2) 2017:161-169 162well-structured epithelium, perfect seal, small inflammatory reaction and normal healing compatible within the expected for the 7th postoperative day. In the two-layer suture group we observed an intense inflammatory reaction, and low epithelial regeneration in the suture zone. Conclusion: In conclusion, extramucosal single-plane gastric suture in rats supported higher intragastric pressure than in two-layer suture, and positively influenced the epithelialization on the suture zone. RESUMOObjetivo: Comparar duas técnicas de sutura na parede do estômago. Plano único e dois planos de sutura gástrica foram comparados, avaliando: evolução do processo de epitelização da mucosa gástrica; força tênsil e alterações histopatológicas na área da sutura. Métodos: Utilizados 12 ratos Wistar pesando 220±18g. Grupo 1 (n = 6) -A incisão gástrica foi suturada com sutura em plano único,pontos separados, extramucosa. Ratos do grupo 2 (n = 6) tiveram o estômago suturado em dois planos com fio de polipropileno 6-0, agulha atraumática. No sétimo dia pós-operatório, os animais foram anestesiados novamente para avaliar a resistência à tensão das suturas. A peça com a ferida suturada foi removida, fixada em formalina a 10%, para exame histopatológico usando coloração H-E. Resultados: Todos os ratos sobreviveram aos experimentos. No grupo plano único, a pressão suportada pela linha de sutura foi de 247 ± 30,2 mmHg. Comparado com a pressão no grupo de sutura em dois planos (187,8 ± 25,5 mmHg), a diferença foi estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05). No grupo de sutura em plano único, o aspecto do epitéli...