This paper assesses the economic impact of a cultural event on a local economy. The event analysed is the Umbria Jazz music festival, which is held annually in July in the city of Perugia in Italy. The relevance of this case study concerns the methodological problems involved in estimating the number of visitors attracted by an event characterized by numerous free concerts. In addition, through the choice of the components of expenditure and the impact analysis model, the proposed approach represents an advanced synthesis of the paths which have been developing in the literature.

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This paper presents a stakeholder perspective to study tensions in hybrid organizations (HOs). In this study, we investigate social enterprises (SEs) as emblematic cases of HO. The paper responds to literature that calls for studies about the interactions with stakeholders and proposes the relational paths SEs can implement to alleviate the emerging tensions between environmental–social and business goals. It also contributes to the academic debate offering empirical evidence on HO‐related tensions. Solving these tensions is beneficial for HOs and in terms of sustainable development. The paper presents a longitudinal case study of a leading SE in the fair trade industry. Fair trade represents an industry where economic, social, and environmental goals may be jointly achieved through the action of SEs. The main paper's contributions regard a stakeholders‐generated view of tensions and the identification of stakeholders‐tailored solutions to managing them. In addition, the proposed ad hoc approach contributes to a deeper understanding of how an SE deals with its hybrid nature.

The first objective of this article is to describe a methodological approach for the assessment of the economic effects of cultural and entertainment events on a local economy. Through choosing the components of the expenditure and the impact analysis model, the proposed approach represents an advanced synthesis of the path developed in the literature. The second objective of this case study is to offer the policy makers useful information for public policies. The Pintoricchio Exhibition, held in Perugia, Italy, from February 2 to August 31, 2008, is the event analyzed.

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