Саратовский государственный аграрный университет им. Н. И. Вавилова СИСТЕМЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ СЕЛА State support of the village social infrastructure systems Ключевые слова: сельская социальная инфраструктура, политика устойчивого развития территорий, система государственная поддержка, факторы развития Keywords: rural social infrastructure, sustainable development policy areas, government support system, development factorsAbstract: The paper presents an analysis of the existing system of state support for rural social infrastructure for the first time. To address this goal the author studied the state information resources and data base of research of the models of state support for the sustainable development of rural areas. The researcher reveals the limitations of research on this subject (the analysis of Web of science, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer Link, Agris, Russian research data base), formulates the descriptive models of various countries in Europe and North America, and groups them into two basic systems. The tests revealed the main factors of the system of public funding of social infrastructure projects. In general financing the algorithms of support for rural social infrastructure were brought to light, the basis of which is made up by two main groups of countries: those with a support system for large rural settlements, selected on the principle of "driving member" and the countries with a system of grant and loan support for rural communities based on projects and local initiatives. The list of systems is not closed, because the study does not affect the countries of Asia, South America, Africa and Australia, which have their own distinctive features. The limitations in a single database of comparable statistical data about the objects of social and engineering infrastructure in rural areas do not allow to assess the effectiveness of investments. The author comes to the conclusion that single common methodology and standards for the evaluation of all forms of efficiency (economic, social, demographic and environmental) the use of state and interstate programs of support of social and infrastructural projects in rural areas, including a preliminary assessment of the needs in social and engineering facilities are necessary. ВведениеКонец XX века ознаменовался популяризацией идеи устойчивого развития сельских территорий в социально-экономической (в том числе аграрной) политике различных стран мира, сформировав новую теорию. Основа этой теории связана с неоднородным влиянием множества детерминант Марина Муравьева

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for the development of domestic engineering for the forest industry, to study the problems and tasks of developing domestic engineering for enterprises in the forestry sector of the economy. The necessity of import substitution in the production of equipment for key branches of the domestic timber industry is argued. Possible ways to bring the industry out of the crisis are proposed based on: the need to analyse the causes of the destruction of domestic forestry engineering; determining measures to ensure the revival of branch science and the development of forestry engineering. As a result, proposals are presented on regulatory and legal support, the purchase of samples of imported equipment in order to study and independently manufacture a similar product in the future. Further development of the industry should be based on resource-saving technologies and “green” technologies for waste processing and a circular economy. On the basis of educational institutions or as independent organizations, it is necessary to create research, research and production centres of the industry. The sanctions announced to Russia are a challenge of the times, contributing to the development of domestic science and forestry engineering. Right now it is necessary to develop the economic base of the timber industry and forestry. The aggressive policy of foreign manufacturers of forestry equipment to conquer the Russian market exacerbates the task of restoring the competitiveness of forestry engineering on innovative principles and increasing its role in the Russian timber industry.

The article deals with the concept of human capital, the fundamental distinctive aspects of human capital, the definition of human capital. Strengthening food security of the country is impossible without identifying imperfections in the systems of labor motivation of economic entities of the second sphere of agriculture. Agricultural production urgently needs to develop a set of such measures, as it is the most vulnerable to crises. In this regard, the analysis of existing methods of stimulating the effective use of labor resources was carried out and new, more advanced methods of improving the efficiency of human capital in agricultural enterprises were developed. The proposed methods of effective use of human capital can be recommended for implementation in agricultural enterprises. They will increase the profitability of production by enhancing human resources and sustainable productivity growth, as well as more efficient use of fixed and current assets.