rESUMo -o desconhecimento sobre as características físicas de sementes de espécies florestais dificulta o desenvolvimento de metodologias para a sua avaliação e preservação. A Senna macranthera (Collad.) Irwin et Barn. é uma planta pioneira que pertence à família Leguminosae -Caesalpinioideae, conhecida popularmente como fedegoso e suas sementes possuem dormência tegumentar. Neste estudo foi realizada a caracterização física das sementes desta espécie em relação ao diâmetro médio de Sauter, esfericidade, densidade (real, aparente e bulk), porosidade da partícula, ângulo de repouso dinâmico e o peso de 1000 sementes (3,3 mm; 0,52; 1397,2 kg.m -³; 1371,9 kg.m -³; 884,4 kg.m -³; 1,81%; 10º e 41,05 g, respectivamente). Além disso, as sementes de S. macranthera foram acondicionadas em sacos de plástico e armazenadas em geladeira convencional a 5 ºC durante 280 dias e, periodicamente, foram realizadas análises de germinação e umidade. Para a quebra da dormência, as sementes foram escarificadas quimicamente por imersão em ácido sulfúrico concentrado durante 20 minutos. o teste de germinação indicou que as sementes se mantiveram viáveis durante o período analisado.Termos para indexação: fedegoso, densidade, porosidade, esfericidade, viabilidade PhYSICAL ChArACTErIzATIoN AND GErMINATIoN oF Senna macranthera SEEDS ABSTRACT -Poor knowledge of the physical traits of forest species seeds causes difficulties in developing methodologies for their assessment and preservation. Senna macranthera (Collad.) Irwin et Barn. is a leguminous pioneer plant that belongs to the Caesalpinioideae. It is popularly known as "fedegoso" and its seeds have tegumentary dormancy. In this study, physical characterization of fedegoso seeds was obtained by evaluating the Sauter mean diameter, sphericity, densities (real, apparent and bulk), porosity, dynamic angle of repose and weight of 1000 seeds: 3.3 mm; 0.52; 1397.2 kg.m -³; 1371.9 kg.m -³; 884.4 kg.m -³; 1.81%; 10º and 41.05 g, respectively. S. macranthera seeds were packed in plastic bags and stored in a conventional refrigerator at 5 ºC for 280 days and analyzed periodically for germination and moisture content. The seeds were chemically scarified by immersion in concentrated sulphuric acid for 20 minutes to break dormancy. The germination tests showed that seeds remained viable during storage.

-In order to allow using seeds from three interspecific elephant grass × pearl millet hybrids (Original, Cutting Palavras-chave: equação de viabilidade, Pennisetum purpureum × P. glaucum, seleção recorrente

No abstract

-An interspecific hybrid resulting from the crossing of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) x pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown) has been developed. This hybrid, however, revealed low phenotypic uniformity and low production of pure seeds. Through recurrent selection, two improved populations were obtained (genotypes Corte and Pastoreio). The aim of this study was assessing seed quality of the three hybrids (genotypes Corte, Pastoreio and Paraiso) by tests of: seed purity; seed germination; accelerated aging test, at 42 ºC; 1,000 seeds weight; drying curves; and sorption and desorption isotherms. Recurrent selection altered the seed size and increased initial quality of population for genotype Pastoreio. Drying curves for the three hybrids have shown similar behavior and reached moisture contents of 2.1%, 1.9%, and 1.8%, respectively, after 63 days. The accelerated aging test showed that hybrid Pastoreio was the most vigorous.