Emerging opportunities for open data based business have been recognized around the world. Open data can provide new business opportunities for actors that provide data, for actors that consume data, and for actors that develop innovative services and applications around the data. Open data based business requires business models and a collaborative environment-called an ecosystem-to support businesses based on open data, services, and applications. This paper outlines the open data ecosystem (ODE) from the business viewpoint and then defines the requirements of such an ecosystem. The outline and requirements are based on the state-of-the-art knowledge explored from the literature and the state of the practice on databased business in the industry collected through interviews. The interviews revealed several motives and advantages of the ODE. However, there are also obstacles that should be carefully considered and solved. This paper defines the actors of the ODE and their roles in the ecosystem as well as the business model elements and services that are needed in open data based business. According to the interviews, the interest in open data and open data ecosystems is high at this moment. However, further research work is required to establish and validate the ODE in the near future. INDEX TERMSBusiness ecosystem, open data.

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Abstract-In the environments where heterogeneous devices need to share information, utilize services of each other, and participate as components in various smart applications, it is common to rely on the advantages of the semantic data model and ontologies. Our work extends this approach so that also the process of software development for such environments is ontology-driven. The goals are to raise the level of abstraction of smart application development, to enable development by non-programmers, and to partially automate the development to make it easier and faster. In this paper, we describe the Smart Modeller that consists of 1) a design tool that enables the developer to graphically create a model of a smart space application and 2) a framework that provides core interfaces for extensions supporting both the model and ontology-driven development. These extensions enable: ontology-based creation of model elements, discovery and reuse of both the software components and partial models through a repository mechanism, and generation of executable programming code for models.

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