This study aims to look at the development of contextual theology in Indonesia, which is a theology that is intertwined with the characteristics of Indonesia as a nation and a unitary state. The development of contextual theology that is unique to Indonesia cannot be separated from the basic principles of national and state life, such as the five precepts in Pancasila, one of which is the principle of "Indonesian Unity." This study presents the idea of "Indonesian Unity," initiated by Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta, which was used by an Indonesian theologian, namely Eka Darmaputera, in developing contextual theology in Indonesia, namely a contextual theology that is not only based on the scriptures but is also based on contextual theology and is limited by the concept of "Indonesian Unity," which comes from the ideas of the two national figures. The method used in this research is to elaborate on the writings of the three figures, especially those related to the theme of "Indonesian Unity," and to use some historical records as one of the arguments for the importance of developing contextual theology based on the idea of "Persatuan Indonesia" (Indonesian unity). This study is more focused on contextual theology developed by Eka Darmaputera. His understanding of evangelism, mission, dialogue and concepts related to the field of contextual theology is ethically applied in dealing with challenges that come from the dangers of national disintegration and challenges that come from injustices that still often occur after the independence of the republic of Indonesia.