Russia or formerly known as the Soviet Union has a historically unique cooperation and diplomatic relations with Indonesia. This is because the relationship between Indonesia and Russia has a long history and experiencing ups and downs. The closeness of the two countries was influenced ideologically in the early days of Indonesian independence, and later the rise of the New Order regime influenced the dynamics of Indonesian foreign policy. During the New Order period, the Indonesian government began to freeze all forms of cooperative relations with the Soviet Union. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War era began to change the map of international politics to affect the situation in Indonesia. In the Post-Reformation era, the normalization of relations between the two countries recovered and lasted until the administration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. The purpose of this article is to find out how the changes in the implementation of the foreign policy of Indonesia-Russia during the administration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono with the previous era and what factors underlie Indonesia's foreign policy towards Russia. This research uses the descriptive-analytical method and using some theoretical concepts in the foreign policy-making process. The results of this study concluded that foreign policy between Indonesia and Russia increased significantly in the Post-Reformation era which no longer saw Russia as a threat as in the New Order era. The cooperation between Indonesia and Russia is implemented in various main areas, prominently is the cooperation in the field of military, social, economic and political.

The presence and spread of Covid-19 virus to every corner of the world, including Indonesia, caused a massive change in almost every aspect, especially the global economy. Human activities had to be restricted as a preventive action to avoid the spread of the virus and slowly reduce the country's economic stability. As one of the countries that handled Covid-19 pandemic, China is cooperating with other countries that experienced a similar crisis, including Indonesia. It shows that in dealing with pandemic, countries need to cooperate. This article discusses the development of bilateral relations between China and Indonesia in Responding to Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on the two countries. By using the International Cooperation approach and Bilateralism created the main argument that Indonesia and China have created cooperation in dealing with mutual crises and to revive from the downturn caused by Covid-19 pandemic. Various collaborations began to be carried out and experienced rapid development, not only in the health sector but also in other fields such as economics and infrastructures.

Indonesian political dynamics over the last 16 years since the Reformation movement initiated, the building shows the fragility of the Indonesian political experience. This can be seen how the level of community participation in the General Election in the Reformation era tend to decline until today. Election deemed not produce leaders who provide real change. This is exacerbated by the political system characterized transactional fraud. The purpose of this study was to look at the political behavior of society and give provisions regarding political education to the public ahead of the elections simultaneously in Semarang, especially in the Village Meteseh and Mangunharjo on December 2015. In this research use several theories: theory of rational choice and the theory of political participation.

The rise of China as one of the great powers in the international politic has been the hottest topic in the 21st century. Following the economic reform led by Deng Xiaoping in 1978, China re-emerges stronger than ever with its influences covering major parts of the world. One region particularly stands out since the prior dominance of United States therein, the South Pacific. The study of this research will be limited to 10 PICs recognising China, Vanuatu, Cook Island, FSM, Fiji, Niuee, PNG, Samoa, Tonga, Solomon Islands and Kiribati. Under the Western International Relations Theory (IRT) however, the rise of China is always seen in a rather malign manner. This research, therefore, contends that in order to fully understand China’s behaviour in the international community, we need to know how China perceives itself. By applying one of the most famous Chinese traditional school of thought, Daoism, this research aims to examine the strategy used in the expansion of China’s influence in the South Pacific. Daoism is symbolised with yin and yang, where the two elements are contradictory, yet they complement each other. Under the Dao dialectics, this research argues that China has been utilising a combination of two contradictory elements of power—soft and hard power—in expanding its prominence in the South Pacific region.

PENDAHULUANGlobalisasi menciptakan kondisi di mana hampir semua lini kehidupan saat ini menjadi saling berhubungan. Ekonomi sebagai salah satu pilar utama globalisasi mendorong lahirnya hubungan saling ketergantungan antara pelaku dan unit -unit ekonomi melalui aktifitas perdagangan dan bisnis. Aktifitas ekonomi di era globalisasi tidak lagi terkonsentrasi pada satu wilayah atau teritori tertentu, melainkan menyebar di berbagai lokasi kemudian terhubung dalam satu rantai aktifitas ekonomi global, mulai dari produksi hingga konsumsi.Dalam konteks tersebut, terdapat satu ide mendasar mengenai desentralisasi produksi, di mana tiap aktor memiliki kebebasan yang lebih besar dalam menjalankan aktifitas ekonominya dan berjalan atas dasar prinsip production governance.Pada kenyataannya, production governance yang dijalankan dalam kompleksitas perdagangan bebas global memunculkan regulasi yang tumpang tindih, menyebabkan munculnya celah-celah yang dapat dimanipulasi untuk kepentingan oknum tertentu. Terbentuknya iklim komersial dengan prospek profitabilitas tinggi tanpa didampingi