In CIDS, patients at highest risk of death benefited most from ICD therapy. These can be identified easily on the basis of age, poor ventricular function, and poor functional status.

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia resulting in mortality and morbidity. Gaps in oral anticoagulation and education of patients regarding AF have been identified as areas that require improvement.Methods and ResultsA before‐and‐after study of 433 patients with newly diagnosed AF in the 3 emergency departments in Nova Scotia from January 1, 2011 until January 31, 2014 was performed. The “before” phase underwent the usual‐care pathway for AF management; the “after” phase was enrolled in a nurse‐run, physician‐supervised AF clinic. The primary outcome was a composite of death, cardiovascular hospitalization, and AF‐related emergency department visits. A propensity analysis was performed to account for differences in baseline characteristics.ResultsA total of 185 patients were enrolled into the usual‐care group, and 228 patients were enrolled in the AF clinic group. The mean age was 64±15 years and 44% were women. In a propensity‐matched analysis, the primary outcome occurred in 44 (26.2%) patients in the usual‐care group and 29 (17.3%) patients in the AF clinic group (odds ratio 0.71; 95% CI [0.59, 1]; P=0.049) at 12 months. Prescription of oral anticoagulation was increased in the CHADS 2 ≥2 group (88.4% in the AF clinic versus 58.5% in the usual‐care group, P<0.01).ConclusionsAdoption of this integrated management approach for the burgeoning population of AF may provide an overall benefit to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.