In the first part of the article we discuss the possibilities and analytical tools that can deal with the classification of space into zones with danger of explosion for devices with the presence of compressed flammable gases. Then we continue with specifications of possibilities for practical utilization linked to variables such as ventilation degree, hypothetical volume etc., including the examples. At the end we also give a brief overview of software for modelling gas leak, including examples of an outcome.

The subject of this paper is to analyse the influence of moisture on selected technical and combustion characteristics of alternative fuels. The analyses are conducted on the basis of analyses of samples of alternative fuels simulating states of the fuel in expected operating conditions, focusing on the identification of potential operational risks. The final part consists of a set of recommended measures to ensure the operational safety of the practical use of alternative fuels based on the results of the analysis.

Refinery and petrochemical production facilities process and produce gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons. In case of any failure, improper design, or human error, flammable or toxic substances can be released into the environment. In such cases, vapor barriers of steam curtains are used in the chemical industry to primarily dilute the released gases as well as to divert the gases to the safe area away from a potential source of ignition. When steam is ejected from a nozzle in the pipe wall, the medium rubs against the edge of the nozzle, liquid water impinges on the wall of the nozzle, and an electrostatic charge can therefore be expected. From the above description, it can be deduced that if the operation of the steam curtains is associated with the generation of electrostatic charge and the possibility of its discharge and the generation of electrostatic sparks, the activation of the steam curtains during the discharge of flammable gases paradoxically represents a certain risk. From the point of view of

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the effect of the percentage mixture of refuse derived fuels created from industrial waste on selected combustion parameters resulting from the mixture of the fuels, whose principal component is coal. The selected combustion parameters are; the lower explosive limit (LEL), maximum explosion pressure (pmax), maximum rate of the rise in pressure (dp/dt)max) and the cubic constant (KSt). The paper also includes a description of the test equipment and methods by which the tests of the combustion variables were carried out.