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In the minds of those striving to achieve a successful peace process, the question of decommissioning is an important issue, but the recognition of the consent principle is fundamental. Establishing priorities is the challenge which the two governments and the parties have to face if the peace process is to be given a new departure. Written by one of the architects of the IRA ceasefire of 1994, this article sets the tone of the Northern Ireland policy which will be followed by the new Irish Administration taking office on 26 June 1997.

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Sean Lemass was Taoiseach from 1959 to 1966. He played a key role in the construction of modern Irland. He is also remembered for taking the first steps towards rapprochement with the North. The purpose of this paper is to assess his broader national outlook, with its heavy economic and social emphasis, to situate his thinking on Northern Ireland within it, and to relate his ideas both to what went before and what has come after.

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