This paper presents an application of a GRASP metaheuristic for the optimal allocation of distributed generation (DG) in electric power systems. Four indexes indicating the system performance in normal operation and under contingency were designed to guide the search. The proposed indexes indicate violations in chargeability and voltage limits for different operative scenarios. The objective function consists on minimizing the impacts of single contingencies in the chargeability and voltage profile of a network. To show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach several tests were performed on the IEEE 30 and 57 bus tests systems. Results show that the proposed approach allows to find the allocation of DG that maximizes its positive impacts in terms of voltage profile and chargeability.
En este artículo se presenta una metodología para valorar programas de implementación de generación distribuida (GD) en sistemas de potencia. La valoración de los programas se hace a través de diferentes índices que consideran la cargabilidad y el perfil de tensión de la red ante diferentes escenarios operativos, como también el efecto de contingencias simples (criterio N-1). Inicialmente los índices se usan para diagnosticar el sistema e identificar elementos y escenarios operativos críticos. Posteriormente, se evalúa el efecto de la implementación de programas de GD en la red cuando esta se reparte de forma uniforme y cuando se ubica en los nodos críticos identificados en el caso base. Se realizaron varias pruebas en los sistemas IEEE de 24 y 57 barras. Los resultados muestran que la GD reduce en mayor medida la criticidad de líneas y escenarios operativos cuando esta es ubicada en nodos estratégicos.
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