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judicious use can provide documentary information in electronic form with the required qualities for ensuring 1. Information Sciences, Documentary its efficient accessibility, dissemination, and preservation Information, and SGML within society. It is thus no surprise that librarians, archivists, and other information professionals have shown a Let us define ''documentary information'' as any pubgreat deal of interest in this technology. At EBSI, for lic information that has a significant value for society.instance, SGML is now included in research and teaching This value could be, for example, legal, historical, or activities in the fields of information retrieval, analysis, simply a reference value. Because of its value to society, and communication, as well as in archival studies. documentary information deserves to be preserved andIn this article, we wish to present the nature of SGML, made accessible to the public in an efficient manner. In justify its existence, and explain why today, more than our opinion, the fundamental preoccupation of library and ever, it is possible to tap into the potential of this standard information sciences is, and has always been, the design for representing electronic information by making it the and implementation of efficient systems for the transfer cornerstone of documentary information systems. The apof documentary information within society.proach is purposely theoretical. We want to show that While this preoccupation has not changed in essence SGML is neither a temporary fad of the software industry, since early times, its manifestations have evolved dramatnor another proprietary format that a handful of product ically in the last two or three decades. Probably the most developers is trying to push onto the market, but rather important change that library science has undergone dura robust and general technology, which is based on sound ing this period is the ever-increasing use of various techtheoretical foundations, and which can offer system denologies for producing and processing documentary inforsigners the same level of data independence for documenmation. Librarians and other information professionals tary information as the relational model offers for tradimust now set up systems capable of processing, dissemitional databases. We will also see how SGML differs nating, and preserving documentary information in elecfrom ODA (Open Document Architecture), its main comtronic form. However, because of the plethora of incompetitor. patible and short-lived formats that are presently beingThe goal of this article is not to present SGML in used, information in electronic form does not readily satdetail, nor do we wish to describe its history or use worldisfy the needs of accessibility, dissemination, and preserwide. The reader interested in these aspects is invited to vation that characterize documentary information. Thus, consult the references listed in the bibliography. special attention must be paid to these issues in the development of transfer systems for electronic...

La Direction des archives de France a initié et finance Navimages, un environnement libre permettant de préparer et diffuser de grandes séries d'images numérisées. Navimages est composé de trois modules qui peuvent fonctionner de manière indépendante : le collecteur va identifier et préparer les images ; la base documentaire va permettre d'effectuer des recherches dans les données descriptives associées aux séries d'images, données sous la forme de champs ou en format XML EAD ; la visionneuse permet de consulter les images dans un navigateur web et de les manipuler aisément. Différents projets de numérisation utilisent cet outil : l'état civil des Français d'Algérie ; le projet Champlain ; le fonds d'archives de la période du Premier Empire. ABSTRACT. The Direction des archives de France has initiated and is financing Navimages, a free environment for preparing and publishing large collections of digitized images. Navimages comprises three independent modules: a collector, to identify and prepare images; the document base, for searching in descriptive data about the collections, data in either field based or in XML EAD; a viewer for easily browsing and manipulating images in a Web browser. Several projects use Navimages: civil registers for French in Algeria; Champlain project; archives from the Premier Empire.

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Graph data model and graph databases are very popular in various areas such as bioinformatics, semantic web, and social networks. One specific problem in the area is a path querying with constraints formulated in terms of formal grammars. The query in this approach is written as grammar , and paths querying is graph parsing with respect to given grammar. There are several solutions to it, but how to provide structural representation of query result which is practical for answer processing and debugging is still an open problem. In this paper we propose a graph parsing technique which allows one to build such representation with respect to given grammar in polynomial time and space for arbitrary context-free grammar and graph. Proposed algorithm is based on generalized LL parsing algorithm, while previous solutions are based mostly on CYK or Earley algorithms , which reduces time complexity in some cases