Complexes of the general formula [MoO2X2L2] (X=Cl, Br, Me; L2=bipy, bpym) have been prepared and fully characterized, including X‐ray crystallographic investigations of all six compounds. Additionally, the highly soluble complex [MoO2Cl2(4,4′‐bis(hexyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine)] has been synthesized. The reaction of the complexes with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an equilibrium reaction, and leads to MoVI η1‐alkylperoxo complexes that selectively catalyze the epoxidation of olefins. Neither the Mo−X bonds nor the Mo−N bonds are cleaved during this reaction. These experimental results are supported by theoretical calculations, which show that the attack of TBHP at the Mo center through the X‐O‐N face is energetically favored and the TBHP hydrogen atom is transferred to a terminal oxygen of the Mo=O moiety. After the attack of the olefin on the Mo‐bound peroxo oxygen atom, epoxide and tert‐butyl alcohol are formed. The latter compound acts as a competitive inhibitor for the TBHP attack, and leads to a significant reduction in the catalytic activity with increasing reaction time.
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