Background: Egypt is one of highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) endemic areas. Chronic HCV infection has extra-hepatic manifestations, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is commonly associated with HCV infection. The prognostic value of HCV infection and HCV treatment in patients with DLBCL remains unclear until now. Objective: The aim of our study to evaluate the impact of HCV infection and HCV treatment as independent prognostic factors on the event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in Egyptian patients with HCV associated DLBCL. Methods: This study included 353 patients with DLBCL were collected retrospective except for 34 patients with HCV who received HCV antiviral therapy were collected prospective. Patients characteristics were collected from the patient records at the time of diagnosis. The status of the patients about HCV infection and HCV treatment were also recorded. Disease progression, relapse, retreatment or deaths were also verified through medical records. EFS and OS were calculated. Results: EFS and OS significantly decrease in HCV infected and HCV non-treated patients when compared with HCV non-infected and HCV treated patients respectively. HCV infection but not HCV treatment was independently associated with EFS and OS using univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Hepatitis C virus infection is an independent prognostic factor for EFS and OS in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. HCV treatment is associated with higher EFS and OS but can’t be consider as an independent prognostic factor.

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Objective: The current study was carried out to assess the prognostic value of androgen receptor expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and correlate it to the disease outcome.Methods: Histologically confirmed cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma were studied. Clinical, pathological, and radiological data were collected. Paraffin embedded tissue sections were submitted for hematoxylin and eosin staining, as well as immunohistochemical staining for androgen receptor in tumor cells.Results: Nuclear androgen receptor expression was positive in 75% of the studied histopathological specimens. Additionally, a significant positive association between androgen receptor expression and tumor grade, muscle invasion & tumor size were noticed.Conclusions: There is a significant association between large tumor size, high grade, deep invasion, and expression of Androgen receptor in urothelial bladder carcinoma. Antiandrogen could be an effective chemo preventive or therapeutic approach in treatment of urothelial bladder carcinoma.

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