The present study aims to detect the digenetic larvae infections in Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and also PCR detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection. The snails were collected from different branches of Yousef canal and their derivatives in El Fayoum Governorate. The snails were investigated for infection through induction of cercarial shedding by exposure to light and crushing of the snails. The shed cercariae were S. mansoni, Pharyngeate longifurcate type I and Pharyngeate longifurcate type II from B. alexandrina, while that found in B. truncatus were Schitosoma haematobium and Xiphidiocercaria species cercariae. The seasonal prevalence of infection was discussed. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of S. mansoni in the DNA from field collected infected and non infected snails. The results of PCR showed that the pool of B. alexandrina snails which shed S. mansoni cercariae in the laboratory, gave positive reaction in the samples. Pooled samples of field collected B. alexandrina that showed negative microscopic shedding of cercariae gave negative and positive PCR in a consecutive manner. Accordingly, a latent infection in the snail (negative microscopic) could be detected by using PCR.

Background: Complete rectal prolapse (CRP) is circumferential herniation of all layers of the rectum through the anal sphincter. Patients with CRP may suffer from a long history of constipation, which precedes the prolapse. Surgical correction is the main treatment of complete rectal prolapse in adults. Aim of Study:To assess the outcomes of laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy (LVMR) in the management of complete rectal prolapse regarding recurrence rate, operative complications, and post-operative improvement of urine incontinence and constipation.Patients and Methods: This is a clinical trial conducted on 20 patients with rectal prolapse who underwent laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy admitted from General Surgery Outpatient Clinic in Fayoum University Hospital in the period from July 2015 to December 2017. Results:Twenty patients, There was a male predominance, 15 male patients (75%) and 5 female patients (25%) The mean age of participants was 34.4 years. There was a significant improvement in constipation and inflammation and ulceration post-operatively. Recurrence occurred in one patient (5%). Conclusion:The use of an anterior approach of laparoscopic rectopexy should be the first-line approach for cases with full-thickness RP. Because LVMR avoids the unnecessary repeated operations with all its psychological and physical impact on patients, the high success rate, minimal recurrence, and low complication rate for this procedure.