he coronavirus newness and its high rate of spread have feared most people, a fear that in many cases causes social and psychological problems. Common psychological reactions include COVID phobia, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder-just some of the associated problems related to coronavirus. Other problems caused by the disease include home quarantine, disruption of daily activities, obsession with cleanliness and washing, abnormal mourning for the death of loved ones, death of people, lack of equipped hospitals, difficulty in performing hospital duties, the fatigue of medical staff, illness and shortages in medical staff, hypersensitivity in some occupations due to disease control and treatment, economic problems of the community, closure of schools, universities, and offices, rumors in cyberspace and society [3]. Coronavirus has spread to many countries around the world and has claimed many lives. As of today, April 28, 2020, reports from the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education show that 92584 people have been infected in Iran, of whom, 5877 have died. According to the report, the number of people with coronavirus in the world is 3106000, of whom, more than 200000 have died. Unfortunately, the virus is not the only cause of death. Another important issue is the family of these people, who are not allowed to mourn, vent their emotions, and express grief.
Background and Aim: Auditory-verbal memory (AVM) is the ability to learn, retain, and recall syllables and words. Memory has a strong relationship with the nervous and endocrine systems in humans. Changes in estrogen levels occur naturally at short (menstrual period) and long (pregnancy, menopause, and maturity) periods. Changes in estrogen levels are likely to affect memory function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hormone fluctuations on the AVM of women. Methods: This cross-sectional study with a pretest/posttest design was conducted on 25 women aged 40−49 years with normal hearing and normal menstrual cycles of 28 ± 4 days, who were selected using a convenience sampling method. They were evaluated using two Persian versions of Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). This test was performed twice and at two different menstrual periods (2-5 and 14−16 days). Results: A significant correlation was observed between the mean of total recall score, recall score after interference, and delayed recall score at two different periods (p < 0.01). The scores of women in three areas on days 14−16 of the menstrual cycle were higher than on days 2−5. Conclusion: Women’s RAVLT scores on days 14−16 of the menstrual cycle are higher than on days 2−5, indicating the effect of hormonal fluctuations on their AVM function. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the changes in women’s AVM in different days of the menstrual cycle. Keywords: Auditory-verbal working memory; Rey learning test; menstrual cycle
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