ObjectivePeriodontal pathogens in dental plaque are the main causative agents of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Detection of the presence of such periodontal pathogens early would serve as a useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the periodontal pathogen levels in saliva were correlated with the periodontal status of patients receiving implant treatment.Materials and MethodsA total of 291 patients visiting Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital were divided into four groups: a no-periodontitis (np) group, a mild-periodontitis (mip) group, a moderate-periodontitis (mop) group, and a severe-periodontitis (sp) group. The levels of the following five periodontal pathogens in saliva were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia.ResultsThe levels of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia were significantly higher in mop group than in np group (P <  0.05). The levels of all periodontal pathogens tested except A. actinomycetemcomitans were significantly higher in sp group than in np group (P <  0.05).ConclusionThe detection levels of the periodontal pathogens targeted in saliva samples were correlated with the periodontal status. This suggests that using saliva to screen for periodontopathic bacteria offers an easier-to-use clinical tool than the paper point method in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis.

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Abstract. Clinical ultrasonographic observations of the ovaries of 5 cross-bred sows were carried out during the estrous cycle and during treatment for ovarian disease (1 case of normal estrous cycle, 2 cases of ovarian quiescence, 1 case of large multiple follicular cysts, and 1 case of small multiple follicular cysts). Ultrasonography allowed clear observations of follicle growth, ovulation, luteinization and luteal regression during the porcine ovary estrous cycle. Observation of differences in the response of the ovarian structure between effective and ineffective pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) treatment in cases of sows with ovarian quiescence was also possible by ultrasonography. Ultrasonography additionally revealed that the administration of bovine anterior pituitary gonadotropin (bAPG) for treatment of sows with ovarian follicular cysts lead to temporary enlargement of the cysts. The results of this study have shown that ultrasonography is a superior method for detailed observation the porcine ovarian structure, and has promising possibilities for clinical applications.

Periodontal disease is considered a risk factor in dental implant treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the periodontal conditions in patients requesting dental implant therapy. A total of 169 patients visiting Department of Oral and MaxilloFacial Implantology at Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital were targeted. The following intraoral parameters were measured in each patient: Community Periodontal Index (CPI) score, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Prevalence of patients with periodontal pockets was high: 38% and 28% of patients had a CPI score of code 3 and 4, respectively. Prevalence of teeth with one or more sites with PPDՆ4mm was 27%. Moreover, clinical signs suggestive of periodontitis (PPD, CALՆ4mm) were found in 10-15% of tooth sites. Prevalence rates at sites with severe periodontal breakdown (PPD, CALՆ7mm) were 2-5%. These results further emphasize the importance of thorough periodontal assessment in patients prior to dental implant treatment.

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