Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal among structural metals being used today. However, because the rolled sheets of magnesium alloy are expensive and poor in press formability, the reduction of manufacturing costs and especially the improvement of formability are eagerly required. In order to overcome these problems, the dispersion of texture of rolled sheets caused by twin formation in repetitive bending at room temperature would be effective. In present experiment using the rolled sheets of AZ61 magnesium alloy, the relationship between the times of repetitive bending and the change of texture was investigated. In 4-times repetitive bending, the tensile twin formation and the dispersion of basal plane texture were observed by X-ray diffraction and SEM-EBSD analysis. As the result of formability test, severe 90°V shape bending R/tϭ1 and nearly twice bulging formability were attained in comparison with those of conventional rolled sheets at 473 K. The results of this study suggest that the press formability of rolled sheets of AZ61 magnesium alloy would be effectively improved by repetitive bending at room temperature.

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The authors present a case of acute aggravation of subdural effusion associated with pachymeningitis carcinomatosa. Microscopic examination of a surgical specimen revealed diffuse involvement of the dura mater by a metastatic adenocarcinoma in which the tumor cells invaded venules located in the areolar layer in particular. The rapid increase in capillarv transmural pressure resulted in extravasation of plasma components, causing an increase in subdural effusion.

Stainless steel sludge is generated as a waste in the grinding process, and the possibility of recycling stainless steel is considered here. Generally, stainless steel grinding sludge ranging about 10,000 are generated per a year in Japan, and most of it is discarded or re-melted with scrap steel. In this study, we considered the possibility of using the stainless steel sludge as metal powder for MIM or raw material for metal foam. For the MIM process, the metal powder will need some improvement, and flotation and spheroidizing processes of the sludge are necessary. For fabrication of the metal foam, untreated sludge can be used, and steel foam about 90% porosity is produced.

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