The use of semi-solid enteral nutrients plays an extremely important role in accurate nutrition management. In the present study, we compared the pharmacokinetic profile of orally administered carbamazepine (CBZ) in rats treated with liquid RACOL®, semi-solid RACOL®, and HINE E-gel®, which are enteral nutrients marketed in Japan. Since liquid and semi-solid formulations are both marketed in Japan for RACOL®, liquid RACOL® was orally administered to control rats. The serum concentration of CBZ at each sampling point was lower in the semi-solid RACOL®-treated group than in the liquid RACOL®-treated group. No significant differences were observed in the pharmacokinetic behavior of CBZ between the semi-solid RACOL®-treated and HINE E-gel®-treated groups. Regarding pharmacokinetic parameters, the impact of the area under the curve (AUC0→5h) was the liquid RACOL® group > the semi-solid RACOL® group ≈ the HINE E-gel® group. Therefore, we concluded that serum concentrations of CBZ were lower when concurrently treating with semi-solid enteral nutrients than when simultaneously processing liquid enteral nutrients.

No abstract

Several hospitalized patients have a history of medication use; consequently, there are numerous reports on the importance of pharmacists managing their own medications. Conversely, there is a lack of information about the status of patients medication adherence. Therefore, we collected data on medicines brought to hospital by inpatients and investigated their medication compliance status. The medication compliance status of patients visiting the Kokuho Chuo Hospital from April 2017 to March 2018 was investigated using the identi cation sheets of medicines brought by these patients and patients medical records. The number of differentiations of medicines brought to the hospital by inpatients was 1,080, and the details of 889 medicines were used in this study. The average number of medicines brought per patient was 5.6 3.5, with elderly patients bringing more medicines and exhibiting a low medication compliance. Compliance with antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, and oncology drugs was good, whereas that of vitamins, peripheral nervous system agents, and drugs for treating sensory organ issues was poor. The cost of medication per patient among nonadherent patients was approximately 3,836 11,078 yen, amounting to a total cost of 3,409,914 yen. The medication compliance status inferred from this study was worse among elderly patients as well as for medicines used to treat chronic diseases. Pharmacists can provide appropriate drug treatments and contribute toward reducing healthcare costs by increasing awareness regarding the family pharmacist system and improving cooperation between community pharmacies and hospitals to improve polypharmacy and medication adherence.