The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease and the relationship between the subjective periodontal symptoms and the actual periodontal condition in Japanese teenagers.The examination was carried out in two parts. In tht first, a questionnaire concerning periodontal disease was conducted on 4, 292 junior and senior high school students (12 to 18 year of age) living in Kawagoe, Japan. The quetionnaire mainly inquired into typical periodontal subjective symptoms. Secondly, pocket depth was measured by the circumferential method on those 1, 333 individuals who had one or more subjective periodontal symptoms.The following results were obtained:1. Of those students examined for pocket depth 10.0% showed a depth of 4mm or greater. Whereas, this percentage is only 3.1 for the general population in this age range. There was a significant difference between two groups in terms of gingival swelling, gingival bleeding on tooth brushing, feeling of malaise in the mouth, foul breath, and diagnosis of periodontal dise-

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays very important roles in periodontal disease and osteoclastic resorp