Grosová S., Masár M., Kutnohorská O., Kubeš V. (2017): Demand for beer in the Czech Republic: understanding long-term on-and off-trade price elasticities. Czech J. Food Sci., 35: 165-170.We provided estimates of price, cross-price, and income elasticities for on-and off-trade beer consumption using econometric models on time series data from 1994 to 2014. The empirical results indicate that the most important determinants of on-trade demand are the price of off-trade beer, the price of substitutes and past consumption, while the income elasticity was not found to be important. The most important determinants of off-trade beer demand were the price of on-trade beer and the price of substitutes. In the Czech Republic, there is a long tradition of beer consumption in pubs and restaurants. According to Vinopal (2007), beer drinking is often a social affair, so some prefer to drink beer in pubs compared to solitary household consumption of bottled beer. This shift in beer consumption from restaurants and pubs to retail or households could have a significant impact on traditional Czech pubs. In order to determine an optimal course of the reaction, it is necessary to find the causes of these phenomena. There are some reasons for this shift, one of them are changing relative prices. The real price per litre of on-trade beer has risen by 23% from 1994 to 2014; the real price of off-trade beer has fallen by 12% in the same time period. The fall of off-trade prices is largely caused by strong competition and heavy discounts of beer products in supermarkets. The other causes may stem from income changes and food-related life-style changes.

The research was focused on investigating the mutual relations between empathy and life satisfaction. In this work we used the current and older theories and research that address these areas and the relationship between them. We also focused on the differences in the level of empathy and life satisfaction between men and women. The research sample consisted of 240 respondents aged 20 to 24, consisting of 128 women and 112 men. Each respondent participated in the same testing. We used the non-standardized Empathy Quotient EQ questionnaire to determine the level of empathy, and we chose the SWLS Life Satisfaction Scale, which is non-standardized, to measure life satisfaction. In the research we confirmed that there were no differences in the selected sample between men and women in the level of empathy or life satisfaction. The obtained results also confirmed the relationship between empathy and life satisfaction.

The aim of the research is to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between attachment and emotional intelligence. We used a revised questionnaire (ECR-R) to determine the relationship and we used the TEIQue-SF questionnaire to determine emotional intelligence. The research sample consisted of 260 respondents from 22 to 25 years, where the average age was 23.45 years. Within the results, we found that there is a moderately strong negative relationship between avoidant attachment and emotional intelligence and a strong negative relationship between anxious attachment and emotional intelligence.