Adulteration of goat milk is usually done using cow's milk product. Cow milk is used as it is widely available and its price is cheaper compared to goat milk. This paper shows a development of candidate tools for milk adulteration using cow milk. A quartz crystal microbalance immunosensor was developed using commercial crystal resonator and polyclonal antibody specific to cow milk protein. A specific protein at 208 KDa is found only in cow milk and does not exist in goat milk. The existence of this protein can be used as an indicator of cow milk content in a target solution. To detect the PSS 208 kDa protein, antibody specific to the PSS 208 was developed. The purified antibody was immobilized on top of the sensor surface on a polystyrene layer. The fraction of the immobilized antibody on the sensor was found at 1.5% of the given antibody. Using a static reaction cell, the developed immunosensor could detect the specific cow milk protein in buffer solution. The detection limit is 1 ppm. A linear relationship between frequency change and specific protein of cow milk concentration is found from a concentration of 1 ppm to 120 ppm.

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One of the toxic effects of dioxin is on reprotoxic organs. Goat milk casein yogurt contains bioactive peptides which have the potential as antioxidants. In this study the antioxidant potential of goat milk yogurt was tested against white rats (Rattus norvegicus) as reprotoxic animal models exposed to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinedibenzo-P-Dioxin (TCDD). The method used is a laboratory experiment using a completely randomized design. White mice were divided into 6 groups: KN (normal group), KK (control group given goat milk yogurt casein 600 mg/kg BB), KP (positive group exposed to 100 ng/kg BB TCDD), KP1 (preventive casein KP+goat milk yogurt 300 mg/kg BB), KP2 (KP+preventive casein goat milk yogurt 600 mg/kg BB), KP3 (KP+preventive casein yogurt goat milk 900 mg/kg BB. The results showed that goat milk casein yogurt significantly affected (p <0 05) on serum SOD and MDA levels, testicular MDA and spermatozoa cell density due to TCDD exposure. Casein administration of 900 mg kg BW was most effective in preventing decreased serum SOD, elevated serum and testicular MDA levels, and decreased spermatozoa. It can be concluded that goat milk casein yogurt can be used as a nutritional agent to prevent reprotoxic due to TCDD exposure.