Persanura hyrcanica, a new genus and species of Neanurini from Iran is described and illustrated. It has a unique suite of morphological characters: labrum with only 4 chaetae, fusion of tubercles So and L on head, tubercle Di on th. II-III with 2 chaetae and separation of tubercles Di on abd. V. The erected genus is closely related to Neanura MacGillivray, 1893, Kalanura Smolis, 2007 and Xylanura Smolis, 2011. An updated key to genera of the tribe Neanurini is given.

The Collembola fauna of Iran is little known and no comprehensive examination of this group of Hexapoda is available for this region. The only notable work on Collembola was carried out by Cox (1982). Recently, studies on the Collembola fauna have started in several regions. In this paper, publications by different researchers are documented and the species that have been found in different regions of Iran until January 2013 are listed. At present, 112 species, belonging to 18 families and 57 genera are known from Iran.

Iranian Onychiuridae found so far in various provinces by different researchers have been reviewed. At present, sixteen species belonging to the family Onychiuridae are recorded from Iran, six of which need confirmation. Three new species from different tribes of the family, namely Heteraphorura iranica sp. nov., (Hymenaphorurini), Protaphorura golestanica sp. nov. (Protaphorurini) and Spinonychiurus persicus sp. nov. (Thalassaphorurini), are described and illustrated. H. iranica sp. nov. belongs to the oriental species-group of the genus characterized by granulated vesicles in PAO, P. golestanica sp. nov.––to the group of Protaphorura species without pso on subcoxa 1 of all legs and with 2+2 pso ventrally on the head, S. persicus sp. nov.––to the group of Spinonychiurus species with 11 chaetae in distal whorl of tibiotarsi. A key of the Palearctic species of Heteraphorura is provided.

The materials on the genus Vertagopus Börner from the Caucasus and Iran are revised. Two new species, V. persicus sp. nov. and V. nunataki sp. nov., are described and fauna of the genus in the Western Asia is commented.

New species belonging to the genus Endonura is described and illustrated in detail. Endonura longirostris sp. n., from northern Iran, is distinctive due to an exceptionally elongate buccal cone compared to that of most other species of the genus. Other characteristic features of the species are the white body with pigmented eyes, a reduced chaetotaxy of the lateral part of the head, the thorax II–III and abdomen I–III with free chaetae De2 and 3, and abdomen IV with particularly short chaetae Di1. The main characteristics of Endonura paracentaurea sp. n. include a white body with dark pigmented eyes, a nonogival labrum, the presence of tubercles Di on the first thoracic segment and of microchaetae on the rudimentary furca. Endonura turkmenica sp. n. can be recognized by its bluish-grey body, labral chaetotaxy, free chaetae E on the head, and notably short chaetae De3 on the thorax and the abdomen. Short remarks on the possible importance of labral modifications are also provided.