This study summarises the results of an activity using a new information field: the Inps archives integrated with the Statistical Information System on Mandatory Communications (Sistema Statistico Informativo delle Comunicazioni Obbligatorie – SISCO). In the first paragraph, the regulation of the New Social Insurance for Employment, the main institution of the unemployment insurance system, is resigned. Then the second paragraph analyses in depth the methodological aspects related to the identification of the potential audience and the eligibles. The use of an integrated archive has allowed — through a logistic regression — an in-depth evaluation of the determinants of access to the treatment, as well as a first test on the quality of the selection procedures adopted. Finally, paragraph 3 below proposes a targeted summary of the main evidence in terms of the characteristics of the inputs into treatment and of the recipients, focusing on sectors and sub-populations. After the identification of possible lines of development, brief conclusions are drawn.

The working paper aims to analyze whether social protection systems for workers in certain countries, with economic indicators like the Italian context, have been extended after the pandemic phase. The purpose is to identify how and if some countries have used the extension of the welfare system during the emergency phase to focus on historical critical issues. Some epistemological explanations are necessary. The study contemplates the phenomenon of income absence unitarily, considering measures aimed at "liberating from the need" induced both by unemployment and poverty. The obscuring of boundaries between these traditional parts of the welfare systems is particularly induced by the phenomenon of in-work poverty. Indeed, in current labor markets, employment, unemployment, and poverty are not easily discernible events.

Obiettivo del paper è analizzare la natura, le caratteristiche e le dimensioni quantitative della serie di interventi pubblici che durante le crisi globali degli anni Duemila (2008-2009/2020) hanno determinato misure di sostegno reddituale per i lavoratori colpiti dagli effetti del crollo economico. Si delineerà, quindi, la natura, la struttura e la dinamica attuativa di tali misure, inserendole in un percorso storicamente riconoscibile di evoluzione del nostro modello di protezione sociale. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The aim of the paper is to analyze the nature, characteristics, and quantitative dimensions of public interventions that provided income support to workers who have suffered the effects of the economic collapse during the crises of the 2000s (2008-2009/2020). The paper will outline the nature, structure, and implementation dynamics of such measures. These policies will be placed in a historically recognizable development path of the Italian social protection model.

Since the establishment of a European strategy to create more and better jobs at the end of ’90s Member States faced many efforts pursuing the target of high percentage of employed persons, target renewed with Europe 2020 strategy. In the same years many citizenship rights, universally recognized, started to be conditioned to the employment status: the “welfarism” was rapidly substituted with “workfare”, with the twin aims of encouraging activation of labour force and - less claimed – of cutting public expenses, especially in social services. In this paper we analyse trends and relations of certain dimension of employment to better understand the sustainability of this approach. The “new” employment is more and more characterized by undermining factors: insecurity, precariousness, poverty. States pursuing active labour market policies, under a Flexicurity approach, besides a good labour market performance, are still facing with poverty and job insecurity of many workers. This is accompanied by growth of household indebtedness, the other dangerous drawback of welfare “commodification” processes. Beyond enforce Employment Protection Legislations, Basic income or Minimum wages, we should change the targets of European strategy with more social or qualitative components (e.g. quality of employment) and get over the Flexicurity approach