In recent years, the occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has been noted in zucchini crops in Poland. Beside characteristic isolates, which displayed mosaics and chlorosis on infected plants, new necrotic isolates have also been identified. Here, we analysed the molecular variability of 27 isolates of CMV collected from zucchini in various regions of the country. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis based on the genes encoding the coat (CP) and movement (MP) proteins revealed that the Polish isolates belong to two subgroups: IA and II, with the prevalence of subgroup II. New recombinant variants with an IA-MP/II-CP pattern for RNA3 were also detected.

Mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Cheyletoidea) are ectoparasites inhabiting the quills of various feather types in many groups of birds. Until now, 334 valid species and 60 genera of quill mites have been described and recorded from 482 bird species (95 families and 24 orders). Currently, the family is divided into 2 subfamilies: Syringophilinae Lavoipierre, 1953 with 260 species grouped in 49 genera, and Picobinae Johnston and Kethley, 1973 with 74 species grouped in 11 genera. Mites of the subfamily Syringophilinae inhabit quills of primaries, secondaries, tertials, rectrices and wing coverts and just occasionally the body feathers; representatives of the subfamily Picobinae live predominantly inside the body feathers. The rapid increase of the knowledge on biodiversity and systematics of quill mites started in end of the 1990s; numerous new descriptions appeared since that time and taxonomic rearrangements make an urgent need to summarize all previous data. We present a complete checklist of the family Syringophilidae of the world including the following data: a species name, author(s), references, a number of first page of description, figure numbers in descriptions, depository of type and non-type materials, host spectrum and geographical distribution. The checklist is additionally provided with the table including bird hosts and associated quill mite species.

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Poprawki senackie są istotnym elementem w zakresie postępowania ustawodawczego. Aktualne rozwiązania zawarte w Konstytucji RP dotyczące tej instytucji budzą wątpliwości, gdyż nie pozwalają na wyraziste wskazanie kompetencji Senatu. Obrazuje to praktyka orzecznicza Trybunału Konstytucyjnego oraz praktyka ustrojowa. Genezę problematyki zakresu poprawek odnajdujemy w sporach kompetencyjnych, jakie po 1989 r. prowadzone były między Sejmem a Senatem. Orzecznictwo polskiego sądu konstytucyjnego w odniesieniu opisywanej instytucji wskazuje, że organ ten w znaczący sposób wpłynął na proces ograniczania kompetencji drugiej izby. Obecne doświadczenia dotyczące poprawek senackich pokazują potrzebę nowelizacji Konstytucja RP w tym zakresie.