Obesity is one of the most urgent public health problems today due to the epidemic growth of this pathology. Elevated values in body mass index are associated with increased morbidity and mortality . Among the treatments for weight reduction is bariatric surgery, an invasive procedure that presents varied adverse effects. Among the consequences of surgery is the decline in oral health. Bariatric patients may present dental erosion, caries, periodontal diseases and hypersensitivity that negatively affect the quality of these individuals . In this way, through a review of the literature, this article brought together the scientific publications related to oral health damages after the bariatric surgery of Y de Roux, in order to explain the importance of dental follow-up of these patients.