X-rays were initially used for the inspection of special-purpose wood pieces for quantitative evaluation of wood properties of different species. X-ray densitometry has had its use expanded in dendroclimatology of Picea engelmannii trees. Subsequent laboratories developed applications of X-ray densitometry for environmental, wood science and technology, and related areas. This paper describes the basic methodology of X-ray densitometry applied to the eucalypt wood analysis, as well as presenting the results of applications in three areas: (i) evaluation of wood biodegradation by white rot fungi, (ii) detection of sapwood and heartwood, and (iii) determination of the effect of management on wood properties. The wood decayed by white rot fungi was detected by X-ray densitometry with a decreasing wood density due to the biodegradation of cell wall components. The sapwood and heartwood of eucalypts were separated in response to the attenuation of X-rays, refl ected by the wood anatomical structure and chemical composition. Also, in eucalypt trees after the application of irrigation and fertilizationirrigation characteristic wood density profi les were detected. In addition, the signifi cant potential of X-ray densitometry for eucalypt wood research and analysis is discussed.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características anatômicas e a densidade aparente e básica do lenho de árvores de Eucalyptus grandis com 24 meses de idade, plantadas no espaçamento de 3x2 m, sem fertilização (testemunha) e fertilizadas com potássio (T2) e sódio (T3). De cada tratamento foram cortadas 8 árvores de eucalipto, de acordo com a distribuição de área basal, e coletadas amostras do lenho em diferentes porcentagens da sua altura total. Na avaliação das dimensões dos vasos e fibras e da densidade aparente por densitometria de raios X, foram utilizadas as amostras do lenho do DAP, e para a densidade básica todas as amostras do lenho. Os resultados mostraram que as densidades aparente e básica média do lenho das árvores de eucalipto não foram significativas nos 3 tratamentos, sendo os perfis radiais de densidade aparente característicos de madeira juvenil de árvores de eucalipto. A aplicação dos fertilizantes minerais (potássio e sódio) induziu alterações nas dimensões das fibras, responsáveis pela sustentação do tronco das árvores de eucalipto, não sendo detectadas diferenças significativas para os elementos de vaso.
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