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The study utilised Finland's standard classification of industries (TOL 2008) as its main reference. 214 Data from year 2018. Only for industrial sectors -enablers are by definition cross-sectoral and no specific data exists.

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The beginning of 2020 saw the sudden onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a crisis which quickly overshadowed the climate emergency. As full or partial lockdowns took effect, unemployment increased, consumer spending decreased and industries beyond essential goods (e.g. aviation and tourism) were severely impacted. 1 The narrative of recovering from the impacts of the pandemic by way of 'building back better' has dominated discussions on COVID-19 recovery. However, current efforts are lagging behind the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) recommendation to keep global temperature increase well below 1.5-2°C above preindustrial temperatures.There is a strong case for COVID-19 recovery to simultaneously address both economic and climate targets, along with green transition targets more widely, through optimal co-benefits and policy design. For instance, in response to COVID-19, the Nordic countries developed recovery plans with significant acknowledgement of the green transition in mind (Figure 1). Robust COVID-recovery plansHigh share of green spending