Zidovudine was the first drug approved for the treatment of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Its chemical name is azidothymidine (AZT). AZT use is associated with bone marrow toxicity. Shorter half-life and inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier are the pharmacokinetic problems of this important drug molecule. Various modifications have been carried out in the structure of AZT. These include modification of hydroxyl and azido group, thymidine ring, preparation of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives, attachment of polymers and synthesis of hybrid molecules. Some of these changes produced compounds with significantly increased activity and less toxicity. This review highlights the various structural modifications of AZT and their influence on biological activities and pharmacokinetic properties.

Chronic exposure to heavy metals including lead and cadmium remains a serious problem for humanity. The current study aims to evaluate the impact of exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) on liver and kidney tissues of albino rats. 50 albino rats were divided equally into five groups respectively orally fed with lead acetate and cadmium chloride at 25 mg/Kg body weight, and 5.0 mg/kg. Body weight. The blood of each animal was collected and biochemical assays were conducted. Data were processed with SPSS 15.0. The results showed a significant increase in lead and cadmium residues in groups exposed to lead and cadmium. Not only that but also, the function of oxidative damage in Pb and Cd induced changes in the liver and kidney. Administration of thioctic acid as a treatment for these changes lead to significant improvement for these ratio. In conclusion, this study highlights a real problem of public health, in the light of thousands of patients receiving random therapy after exposure to heavy metals

With regard to commonalities and unity, the communion of race, communion of home land and communion of languages are common. Islam abhors the differences of color, race, language and country, and bases its Ummah on the religious creed. The concept of oneness of Allah of the Muslims is cementing force for all Muslims and makes them dominant over all the nations of the world. No force of the World can sustain before it. The word "Nation" has been taken in broader sense of words. But in concept of nation, the word "Nation" has been called as Ummah of prophets. Islam has given the Muslims superiority to other nations. And it is distinction of Islam. Universality of Islam has been proved by Iqbal calling the entire Muslims universal and single nation.

Hazrat Allama Sardar Ahmad is Pakistani and belongs to Faisalabad. He born on 22 September, 1906 in Diyal Gerh, Gordaspur Hindustan. He established a great Islamic Institute with the name “Mezher-ul-Islam Jamia Rizvia Jhang Bazar Faisalabad. He was great Islamic learned personality, Speaker, Teacher, Sufi Saint, Writer of many books and Faqih who had excellent command on Islamic Jurisprudence and was known by his students and followers as “Mohaddis-i-Azam” Pakistan. He was the son of great personality Choudhry Miran Buksh Chishti. He was also the organizer of “All India Sunni Conference” and took active part in the movement of Pakistan. He produced many Ulamas with full knowledge of Quran, Hadith, Fiqh, Arabic Language and Literature, Islamic history, Ilm-ul-Kalam, Islamic Political, Social, Economic Thoughts. In modern Islamic World, a great number of Ulamas are delivering Islamic teachings and services which have gained their education from the Jamia Rizvia Faisalabad. He was adherent spiritually with Shah Muhammad Taj-al-Haq of Chishti Sufi Order. He died on 29 Dec, 1962 and his Shrine is located in Sunni Rizvi Jamia Masjid JhangBazar, Faisalabad.