The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of three irrigation techniques : laser-activated irrigation, ultrasonic irrigation, and conventional syringe irrigation, in removing debris and smear layer from the root canal wall. Bovine root dentin was used. The canal surface was ground with a carbide bar to make a smear layer. Thereafter, the specimens were set at an apical area of the simulated root canal model. As irrigation solution, sodium hypochlorite and EDTA were used in this order. By scanning electron microscopy, laser-activated irrigation and ultrasonic irrigation samples showed effective smear layer removal and open dentinal tubules. In contrast, smear plugs and debris remained in the syringe irrigation samples. In conclusion, irrigant activation using laser and ultrasonic devices might contribute to root canal cleanliness.
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