Experimental data are presented, which demonstrates an optical limiter based on a large birefringence which is optically induced in bacteriorhodopsin. The induced birefringence is observed to be a function of incident intensity, but saturates at a value of about 0.454 W/cm2. A measured value of Δn of 6.6×10−4 at a wavelength of 514 nm is reported. The observed birefringence is found to be in good agreement with a proposed model.

Two-dimensional solitonic orbital waveguides as y junctions were formed in a strontium barium niobate crystal. The waveguides are 10-20 m in diameter and propagate unpolarized light.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract